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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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andregenic drugs stimluates the.. |
sympathetic nervous system |
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Mechanism of actions (alpha1 RECEPTORS) |
-SNS stimulation -when adrenergic drugs stimulate alpha 1 receptor sites located on smooth muscle vasoconstriction occurs -binding to alpha 1 recipe. can causes relaxation of GI, contraction of uterus and bladder, male ejaculation, and contraction of pupillary muscles(dilated pupils) |
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mechanism of action (beta 1 Receptors) |
-receps. located on myocardium and in the conduction system of the heart, including stimulation of the SA node -stimulation of beta1 receptors in kidney causes an increase in renin secretion |
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mechanism of action (beta 1 receptors ) continued
when beta1 adrenergic receptors are stimulated by an anorexic drug there things result........ |
1) an increase in the force of contraction (positive inotropic effect) 2) an increase in the heart rate (positive chronotropic effect) 3) an increase in the conduction of cardiac electrical nerve impulses through the atrioventricular node (positive dromotropic effect) |
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mechanism of actions (beta2 receptors) |
-produces relaxation of bronchi (bronchodilation) and uterus -causes increased glycogenolysis (glucose release) from liver |
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respiratory indications include..... |
-bronchodilation -beta 2 agonists are good with treating bronchitis and asthma
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topical nasal indications include... |
- intranasal application of certain adrenergics can cause constriction of dilated arterioles and reduction in nasal blood flow which thus decreases congestion -works by stimulating alpha1 receptors and have no effect on beta receptors |
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ophthalmic indications |
-applied to surface of eyes -acts like nasal decongestant except affects the eye -stimulate arterioles of the eye -temporarily relieves conjunctival congestion causing arterial vasoconstriction -drugs can be used to reduce intraocular pressure so good for treatment of open angle glaucoma -dilate pupils (mydrasis) -epinephrine and dipivefrin used |
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cardovascular indications (vasoactive sympathometics or vasopressive drugs, pressor drugs, or pressers) |
-used to support cardiovas. sys during failure or shock -effect can be related to specific dose -dobutamine, dopamine, ephedrine, epineprine, feoldopam, midodrine, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine |
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contraindications |
-known drug allergies -severe hypertension
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adverse effects on CNS and Cardiovascular by alpha- adrenergic drugs |
-unwanted CNS effects include: headaches, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, and euphoria -unwanted cardiovascular effect: chest pain, vasoconstriction, hypertension, tachycardia, palpations and dysrhythmias
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adverse effects on other body systems by alpha- adrenergic drugs continued... |
anorexia, dry mouth, nausea, vomitting, and rarely taste changes |
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adverse effects on CNS, cardiovascular, and other body systems by beta adrenergic drugs |
-adversely stimulate the CNS by causing: mild tremors, headache, restlessness, excitement, insomnia, and euphoria cardiovascular- increased heart rate, palpations, fluctuations in blood pressure other: sweating, nausea, vomitting and muscle cramps |
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toxicity and management |
- toxicity in adrenergic drugs are an extension of adverse effects: seizures, hypotension or hypertension, dysrhythmias, palpitations, nervousness, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, insomnia, headache, tremor, dry mouth nausea -most life threatening CNS and cardiovascular -recommended treatment is to manage symptoms and support patient |
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interactions |
-numerous drug interactions can occur -when alpha and beta drugs are given with antagonists the drugs directly antagonize each other, which results in reduced therapeutic effects -adrenergics with anesthetics can increase risk of cardiac dysrhythmias -tricyclic antidepressants and adrenergic drugs can cause increase vapor effects, acute hypertensive crisis -adminstration with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may cause poss. life threatening hypertensive crisis -thyroid preparations can also increase effects of adrenergic drugs - |
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adrenergic drugs end with ... |
-ine
dopamine epinephrine etc |
