*ch 17 Adaptive Immunity

Front 1

Immunity that is developed after exposure to foreign substance

Back 1

Adaptive Immunity

Front 2

Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity:

Relies on ___ & __ lymphocytes

Back 2

T & B

Front 3

Key features our its:
1.
2.

Back 3

Specificity
memory

Front 4

Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity:

This ___ develops during fetal growth

Back 4

ability

Front 5

What are ANTIGENS?

Back 5

Flagella
Toxins
Pili
Complex molecules

Front 6

Known as adaptive specific immunity:

_____b/c one has to develop these mechanisms

Back 6

adaptive

Front 7

Known as adaptive specific immunity:

_____b/c they are directed towards a particular antigen

Back 7

Specific

Front 8

_____ leads to immunological memory

Back 8

Immunizing event (an infection)

Front 9

Adaptive Immunity:

Relies on the what cells?

Back 9

T Cells and B cells w/ help from T-helper cell

Front 10

Adaptive Immunity:

What are produced towards a specific antigen?

Back 10

Antibodies

Front 11

Adaptive Immunity:

____can remember who they have seen & rapidly respond upon the 2nd encounter

Back 11

B cells
T cells also have memory

Front 12

Lymphocytes react ____ w/ virus.

Back 12

specifically

Front 13

Ex. Chickenpox virus would react specifically with virus then...____ will react against the chickenpox.

Back 13

Antibodies

Front 14

first contact with antigen creates a unique programmed____ cell.

Back 14

Memory cell.

Front 15

1st contact w/ antigen=memory cell
makes what kind of ___ ___.

Back 15

Immune response (small)

Front 16

2nd contact w/ antigen= memory cell make what kind of ___ ___.

Back 16

Rapid, amlified
immue response

Front 17

Specific Immunity:
1. Lymphocyte ___ &___.
2. Antigen___.
3. Challenge & subsequent ____ of __&__.
4. Activated __ cells called___ release antibodies.
5._____responses kick in.

Back 17

1.development & maturation
2. Presentation
3. activation, Ts, Bs
4.B, plasma cells
5. T-lymphocyte

Front 18

___: -plasma cells are secrete antibodies that takes place in the bloodstream
-involves the production of antibodies
*B cells

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Humoral Immunity

Front 19

__:-the T cells are activated to give a response of the
T-helper cells,
Suppressor T cells,
Cyotoxic T cells
Delayed allergy

Back 19

Cell-Mediated Immunity

Front 20

- “antibody generators”

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Antigens

Front 21

A substance that provokes an immune response in lymphocytes

Back 21

antigen

Front 22

____processing/presentation

Back 22

Antigen

Front 23

Most antigens are ___ &___ or ___

Back 23

Complex
& large proteins
or polysaccharides

Front 24

___antigenic determinant,
antibodies recognize & interact with specific regions on antigens

(where the Ab. hook up w/)

Back 24

Epitope

Front 25

Can a have more than one antigenic property?

Back 25

Yes

Front 26

How does conjugation partially explain allergies?

Back 26

Ex. Penicillin combines with the host

(small)Hapten! (penicillin)
+
(large) Carrier molecule
(provoked immunity)

=Hapten-carrier conjugate
(allergic reaction/irritation)

Front 27

Another name for antibodies?

Back 27

Immunoglobulins

Front 28

The structure of Immunoglobulins:

Back 28

-2 antigenbinding sites
-4 polypeptide protein chains:
-2 light chains
-2 heavy chains
-Y shaped

Front 29

Ag binding sites have unique ___ shape that will accommodate __antigen type

Back 29

3d,
1

Front 30

__different classes that serve a variety of roles
Ex:
Long term memory
secreted onto mucus membranes.

Back 30

5 M, A, D, E

Front 31

Antigen-binding site binds to ___ on an antigen.

Back 31

epitope.

Front 32

The Stucture of the IgG.

Back 32

Monomer

Front 33

% of Total Serum Antibody of IgG.

Back 33

80%

Front 34

IgG: Located?

Back 34

Blood
Lymph
intestine

Front 35

IgG: Molecular Weight?

Back 35

150,000

Front 36

IgG: Half-lif in serum?

Back 36

23 days

Front 37

IgG: Complement Fixation?

Back 37

YES

Front 38

IgG: Placental Transfer?

Back 38

YES

Front 39

IgG: Functions are?

Back 39

-enhance phagocytosis
-neutralize toxins & viruses
-protects fetus & newborn

Front 40

____ is central to IS functioning.

Back 40

self Vs. non-self

Front 41

Every cell’s membrane has protein receptors that function as ___ ___.

Back 41

self markers.

Front 42

___control the ability to distinguish self Vs. non-self

Back 42

MHC genes

Front 43

People are born with a tremendous diversity of ___ ____.

Back 43

lymphocyte types

Front 44

diversity of lymphocyte types:

Essentially “____” into the genetic structure

Back 44

preprogrammed

Front 45

the “__” part of the antibodies found on lymphocytes

Back 45

V

Front 46

preprogramed cells are called ____

Back 46

clones

Front 47

___ ___their development does not require the presence of an antigen.

Back 47

Lymphocyte clones

Front 48

Any clones that tackle a particular self marker is destroyed

Back 48

clonal deletion

Front 49

Lymphocyte development:

By late fetal or neonatal time, B-cells are “educated” and armed with a specific ___ ___.IgD usually

Same goes for T cells

Back 49

antigen receptor

Front 50

Wait for antigen in ____/___.

Back 50

circulation or in organ

Front 51

Both T & B cells originate from ____, located in__ __/ in ___ __/

Back 51

Stem cells,

bone marrow/ fetal liver

Front 52

RBCs, macrophages, neutrophils and other WBCs originate in the same ___ cell.

Back 52

stem

Front 53

A matured T cell came from ___.

Back 53

Thymus

Front 54

A matured B cell came from___.

Back 54

adult red bone marrow

Front 55

Most immature T cells are eliminated in the ___.

Back 55

Thymus

Front 56

Both T & B cells migrate to the ___ tissue.
ex.

Back 56

lymphoid

spleen,
*LYMPH NODES

Front 57

-Help me APC & T helper

Back 57

B-cell Activation: T-dependent antigen

Front 58

usually a dentritic cell, will engulf the foreign material

Back 58

antigen presenting cell(APC),

Front 59

B-cell Activation:
antigen presenting cell(APC)
2.Will then “present” the antigen to a ___ with a complimentary antigen receptor.

____is released to activate TH

Back 59

T-cell helper


cytokinin (interleukin 1)

Front 60

The T helper sends signals ____that will in turn activate a B-cell & other TH

Back 60

(interleukin-2)

Front 61

Activation of B cells to produce ___.

Back 61

antibodies

Front 62

B-cell activation:

____A particular antigen binds to a specific b cell clone @ its receptor site.
This b cell then multiplies to make an army of clones that can respond to that Ag.

Back 62

T-independent

Front 63

B-cell activation

is actually an antibody-like molecule

Back 63

B-cell receptor

Front 64

Clone army consists of ___&__.

Back 64

plasma cells and memory b cells

Front 65

The cell divisions produce

Back 65

Plasma cells and Memory cells

Front 66

Once B cells process the antigen, interact with TH, they multiple when what happens?

Back 66

once activated

Front 67

What’s the outcome of activation?

Product of plasma cells are

Back 67

Antibodies = immunoglobulins (Ig)

Front 68

Ab/Ag Interactions:

(Gr. “to prepare food”) - antibodies cover the surface of microbe to ease their detection by Phagocytes

Back 68

Opsonization

Front 69

Ab/Ag Interactions:

clump up the microbe. (easier to kill)

Back 69

Agglutination

Front 70

Ab/Ag Interactions:

cover important receptors of microbe.
*no adhesion or adherence

Back 70

Neutralize

Front 71

Ab/Ag Interactions:

binds with & deactivates certain bacterial toxins

Back 71

Antitoxin

Front 72

A known Ab can be used to I.d. an

Back 72

unknown pathogen

Front 73

Monoclonal ab production:

Created a ____ which is a cell that was created by a fusion.

Back 73

hybridoma