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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rules of thumb
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- Always report total # of cases
- Do not calculate proportion and percentage for <50 cases |
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Frequency distributions
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- Tally of raw number of responses
- One-to-one match between response categories in the surey and in the table - Ordinal categories treated as independent units |
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Proportion
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- Frequency of repsonses relatitve to the total
- Proportion for total : 1 |
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Frequency and percentage
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- Mainly for nominal and ordinal (categorical) variables
- Always report percentage before frequency: 75% (55) - Not commonly used with interval variables - NOT used for ratio variables |
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The median assumes an _____ distribution of the data above and below midpoint and is NOT used for _____ data
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equal; nominal
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Mean
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- Usually applied to continuous data
- Reported with standard deviation - Not appropriate for nominal, ordinal variables |
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When is median more appropriate than the mean?
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-When dealing with outliers in the data set
- When open-ended categories appear in a data grouping ("over $100,000") |
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Data thas has been skewed right...
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...has the smallest number with the highest frequency; mode < median < mean
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Data that has been skewed left...
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...has the largest number with the highest frequency;
mean < median < mode |
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Cross-tabulation is a relationship between _______
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two categorical variables
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If sig (2-taliled) is less than ___, we call it significant because that number represents ________
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.05; the likelihood of the mean differnce being attributed to pure chance or error
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Correlation is the relationship between ____
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two continuous variables
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T-tests express the relationship between ______
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one continuous and one dichotomous variable
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