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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acute infections nonbacterial gastroenteritis (AING)
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Self-limiting condition. Fever vomiting malaise and diarrhea. (more serious in infants b/c dehydration)
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Two of the most common causes of viral gastroenteritis in US.
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Norovirus and Rotavirus.
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Norovirus ( Norwalk virus)
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one fo the smallest viruses (25-30nm) round, nonenveloped
RNA single protein capsid. cannot be cultured in tissue yet. |
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______ gastroenteritis occurs mostly in school age children and adults, not infants.
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norovirus . ( symptoms include mud butt, nausea, cramps, vomiting. last 12-60hr)
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What is the treatment for norovirus gastroenteritis?
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disease is self limiting no treatment except rehydration.
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Rotavirus
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wheel shaped
nonenveloped segmented dsRNA highly infectious can survive stomach small # of particles needed to infect |
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Major cause of AING in infants and young children (us and world).
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rotavirus
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Why is rotavirus replication unusual?
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they bud through ER instead of cytoplasmic membrane and acquire transiet envelope.
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What causes diarrhea with rotavirus?
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rota infects tips of villi, they die and sloughed, villi shrink, smaller area and damage to mucosal surface = mud butt due to less water reabsorption.
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How is rotavirus infection diagnosed?
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stool ELISA
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How are rotaviruses distinguished?
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by differences in viral proteins, encoded by a separate dsRNA segment
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How many major types of rotavirus in the US?
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4 called G group antigen types(1,2,3,4) based on VP7(antibodies agains this are protective)
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What is the basis for the Rotashield vaccine? why was it pulled?
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A mixture of group 1-4 monkey viruses that are attenuated and antigenic?
Association with intussusception in infants following vaccination. |
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Most common cause of liver inflammation?
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Hep A,B,C,D,E
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Symptoms of hepatitis
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fever nausea vomiting and jaundice
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Hep A
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picornavirus
nonenveloped ssRNA (+) spread by ingestion causes infections hepatitis |
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Hep B
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hepadnavirus
enveloped partly dsDNA spread by blood, blood products, shared needles, sexual contact |
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Hep C
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flavivirus
enveloped ssRNA (+) spread by blood, blood prod, needles, sex |
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Hep D
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-defective virus, needs B for essential replication and transmission factors
-small -nonenveloped -covalently closed ssRNA |
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Hep E
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related to picornavirus
ssRNA |
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How does Hep A get to liver?
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it penetrates the intestinal mucosa and reaches liver where it replicates
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why do you get jaundice with hep A?
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damage is done to liver so that bile pigments build up in tissues instead of being filtered through the liver.
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why is hep A so infectious?
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during incubation large # of viruses are shed in poop. and can contaminate water or hands --> food. (wash your dirty ass hands)
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Is hep A lifetime disease?
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No, its self limiting, shedding continues a couple weeks after symptoms subside but disease does not persist.
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how is diagnosis of hep a made?
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detecting anti-hep A IgM. IgG titers are life long and protective againts Hep A
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what is the treatment for Hep A?
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no therapy. there is new vaccine however to help prevent.
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