Ch 15

Front 1

conception

Back 1

the moment when a sperm fertilizes an eggs

Front 2

trimesters

Back 2

the three time periods of pregnancy

Front 3

embryo

Back 3

term that refers to a fertilized egg during the third through the eighth week of pregnancy. After the eighth week, the developing baby is called a fetus

Front 4

placenta

Back 4

the site of common tissue between the mother and growing embryo. Umbilical cord attaches it to the fetus

Front 5

fetus

Back 5

a developing embryo that is at least eight weeks old

Front 6

low birth weight baby

Back 6

a baby weight less than 5 1/2 pounds at birth

Front 7

critical periods

Back 7

developmental stages during which cells and tissue rapidly grow and differentiate to form body structures

Front 8

gestational diabetes

Back 8

diabetes that occurs in women during pregnancy

Front 9

macrosomia

Back 9

a large baby, weighing more than 8 pounds, 13 oz.

Front 10

jaundice

Back 10

a yellowish coloring of the skin due to the presence of bile pigments in the blood

Front 11

pregnancy-induced hypertension

Back 11

a category of hypertension that includes gestational hypertension (occurs in pregnancy in a women without a prior history of high blood pressure), preeclampsia (hypertension, severe edema, and protein loss occur), and eclampsia (can result in seizures; may be extremely dangers for mother and baby)

Front 12

heartburn

Back 12

a burning sensation in the esophagus. Usually caused by the reflux of gastric contents from the stomach into the esophagus

Front 13

lactation

Back 13

the production of milk in a women's body after childbirth, and the period during which it occurs. The baby receives the milk through breast feeding.

Front 14

let-down

Back 14

the release of milk from the mothers breast to feed the baby

Front 15

colostrum

Back 15

the fluid that is expressed from the mothers breast after birth and before the development of breast milk

Front 16

hypoallergenic infant formulas

Back 16

specially developed formulas for infants who have food allergies and cannot tolerate regular formula

Front 17

nursing bottle tooth decay

Back 17

tooth decay from prolonged contact with formula, milk, fruit juice, or other sugar rich liquid offered to an infant in a bottle.

Front 18

infancy

Back 18

the age range from birth to 12 months

Front 19

milestones

Back 19

objectives or significant events that occur during development

Front 20

growth charts

Back 20

series of percentile curves that illustrates the distribution of selected body measurements in U.S. children

Front 21

percentile

Back 21

the most commonly used clinical indicator to assess the size and growth patterns of children in the United States. An

Front 22

solid foods

Back 22

foods other than breast milk or formula givne to an infant, usually around 6 months of age.

Front 23

tongue-thrust reflex

Back 23

a forceful protrusion of the tongue in response to an oral stimulus, such as a spoon

Front 24

botulism

Back 24

a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Infant botulism is caused by consuming the spores of the bacteria, which then grow in the intestines and release toxin.. It can be fatal.

Front 25

food allergy

Back 25

an abnormal reaction by the immune system to a particular food.

Front 26

food allergens

Back 26

proteins that are not broken down by cooking or digestion and enter the body intact, causing an adverse reaction by the immune system.

Front 27

mast cells

Back 27

cells in connective tissue to which antibodies attach, setting the stage for potential future allergic reactions

Front 28

anaphylactic reactions

Back 28

severe, life-threatening reactions that cause constriction of the airways in the lungs, which inhibits the ability to breathe.

Front 29

food intolerance

Back 29

adverse reaction to a food that does not involve an immune response. Lactose intolerance is one example