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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychological disorder |
to be classified as this, behavior must be deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional |
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
a psychological disorder characterized by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity |
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Medical model |
holds that psychological disorders are illnesses that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a psychiatric hospital |
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DSM-IV-TR |
provides a widely used system of classifying psychological disorders |
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Anxiety disorders |
involve distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety |
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Generalized anxiety disorder |
the person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal for no apparent reason |
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Panic disorder |
an episode of intense dread accompanies by chest pain, dizziness, or choking. It is essentially an escalation of the anxiety associated with general anxiety disorder |
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Phobia |
an anxiety disorder in which a person has a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation |
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OCD |
an anxiety disorder in which the person experiences uncontrollable an repetitive thoughts and actions |
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PTSD |
an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawl, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia lasting four weeks or more following a traumatic experience |
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Post-traumatic growth |
refers to positive psychological changes that may result from dealing with extremely challenging circumstances |
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Somatoform disorders |
psychological disorders in which bodily symptoms occur without apparent physical cause |
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Conversion disorder |
a rare somatoform disorder in which anxiety presumably is converted into a physical symptom such as blindness or paralysis |
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Hypochondriasis |
a somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease |
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Dissociative disorders |
involve a separation of conscious awareness form one's previous memories, thoughts, and feelings |
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Dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
a dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities; formerly called multiple personality disorder |
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Mood disorders |
characterized by emotional extremes |
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Major depressive disorder |
the mood disorder that occurs when a person exhibits the lethargy, feelings of worthlessness, or loss of interest in family, friends, and activities characteristic of depression for more that a two-week period and for no discernible reason. Because of its relative frequency, depression has been called the "common cold" of psychological disorders |
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Mania |
the wildly optimistic, euphoric, hyperactive state that alternates with depression in the bipolar disorder |
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Bipolar disorder |
the mood disorder in which a person alternates between depression and the euphoria of a manic state |
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Schozophrenia |
refers to the group of severe disorders whose symptoms may include disorganized and delusional thinking, inappropriate emotions and actions, and disturbed perceptions |
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Delusions |
false beliefs that often are symptoms of psychotic disorders |
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Personality disorders |
characterized by inflexible and enduring maladaptive character traits that impair social functioning |
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Antisocial personality disorder |
a personality disorder in which the person is aggressive, ruthless, and shows no sign of a conscience that would inhibit wrongdoing |
