Ch. 14 Civil War

Front 1

Free Soil Party

Back 1

- a short-lived political party in the U.S; Opposed the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery.

Front 2

Fugitive Slave Law

Back 2

-one of the most controversial acts of the 1850 compromise; It declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters.

Front 3

Harriet Tubman

Back 3

-She was an African-American abolitionist, and Union spy during the Civil War; She made 13 missions to rescue more than 70 slaves using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad.

Front 4

Ostend Manifesto

Back 4

-Document written in 1854; described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and implied the U.S should declare war if Spain refused.

Front 5

Kansas Nebraska Act

Back 5

-Act created in 1854; created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820. and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries. Created opportunities for Mideastern Transcontinental Railroad.

Front 6

Wilmot Proviso

Back 6

-One of the major events that lead to the Civil war; would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future, including the area later known as the Mexican Cession.

Front 7

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 7

-A prominent American abolitionist; best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the US. and also was a prominent voice for the women's suffrage movement.

Front 8

Frederick Douglass

Back 8

-An American social reformer and an escaped slave; He stood as a living counter-example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves did not have the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens.

Front 9

Popular Sovereignty

Back 9

-The belief that the legitimacy of the state is created by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power; expressed a concept and did not necessarily reflect or describe a political reality.

Front 10

Underground Railroad

Back 10

-An informal network of secret routes and safe houses; It was used by 19th century black slaves in the U.S. to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists

Front 11

Compromise of 1850

Back 11

-An intricate package of five bills passed in Sept. 1850; defused a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North that arose following the Mexican-American War.

Front 12

Dred Scott Decision

Back 12

-A ruling by the Supreme Court that applied on people of African descent who were imported into the U.S. and held as slaves were not protected by the Constitution and could never be U.S. citizens.

Front 13

Panic of 1857

Back 13

-a financial panic in the United States caused by the declining international economy and over expansion of the domestic economy.

Front 14

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 14

-an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe; helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War.

Front 15

Bleeding Kansas

Back 15

-a series of violent events, involving anti-slavery Free-States and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas Territory and the western frontier towns of the U.S. state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and 1858.

Front 16

Crittenden Compromise

Back 16

-an unsuccessful proposal by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden to resolve the U.S. secession crisis of 1860–1861; addressed the concerns that led the states in the Deep South of the United States to contemplate secession from the United States.

Front 17

Fort Sumter

Back 17

-a Third System masonry coastal fortification located in Charleston harbor, South Carolina; it was the site upon which the shots initiating the American Civil War were fired, at Battle of Fort Sumter.

Front 18

Jefferson Davis

Back 18

-an American statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War; serving as the President for its entire history.

Front 19

Anaconda Plan

Back 19

-Blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two;

Front 20

Robert E. Lee

Back 20

-United States Army officer and combat engineer; became the commanding general of the Confederate army in the American Civil War.

Front 21

Ulysses S. Grant

Back 21

-the 18th President of the United States; a military commander during the Civil War

Front 22

Iron Clads

Back 22

-a steam-propelled warship in the early part of the second half of the 19th century; developed as a result of the vulnerability of wooden warships to explosive or incendiary shells.

Front 23

Battle of Antietam

Back 23

-The first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil; it was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history,

Front 24

Emancipation Proclamation

Back 24

-an executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War; It proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million of the nation's 4 million slaves, and immediately freed 50,000 of them, with the rest freed as Union armies advanced

Front 25

54th Regiment

Back 25

-an infantry regiment that saw extensive service in the Union Army during the American Civil War; One of the first official black units in the United States during the Civil War.

Front 26

Morril Tariff Act of 1861

Back 26

-

Front 27

Homestead Act of 1862

Back 27

-

Front 28

Legal Tender Act of 1862

Back 28

-

Front 29

Pacific Railway Act 1863

Back 29

-

Front 30

National Bank Act 1863

Back 30

-two United States federal laws that established a system of national charters for banks, the United States national banks

Front 31

Battle of Vicksburg

Back 31

-the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War;

Front 32

Battle of Gettysburg

Back 32

-The battle with the largest number of casualties in the American Civil War; often described as the war's turning point.

Front 33

Copperheads

Back 33

-a vocal group of Democrats in the Northern United States who opposed the American Civil War; wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.

Front 34

New York Draft Riots 1863

Back 34

-the culmination of discontent with new laws passed by Congress to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War

Front 35

Appomattox

Back 35

-he final engagement of Confederate States Army General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia before it surrendered to the Union Army under Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and one of the last battles of the American Civil War.

Front 36

Trent Affair

Back 36

-an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War