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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Excretion |
Removal of small substances from the body such as via the kidneys |
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Excretory organs |
Kidneys, large intestine, liver, lungs, lymph nodes, skin, and spleen |
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Urinary system |
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra |
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Nitrogenous waste |
Breakdown products of especially amino acids but also nucleic acids that must be removed from the body |
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Ammonia |
Nitrogenous waste that, if allowed to accumulate, results in a rising of the pH of tissues |
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Urea |
Less toxic nitrogenous waste of the chemical reaction between two molecules of ammonia and one of the carbon dioxide |
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Kidneys |
Primary excretory organs involved especially in the production of urine |
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Nephron |
The blood filtration, tubular section, and tubular reabsorption functional unit of the kidney |
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Blood filtration |
Removal of relatively small substances from plasma |
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Glomeruli |
Network of capillaries from which the initial step of kidney function, blood filtration, occurs |
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Glomerular filtrate |
Material received by Bowman's capsule representing the product of the first step of kidney - mediated filtration of blood |
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Bowman's capsule |
Nephron receiving point of glomerular filtrate |
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Convoluted tubules |
Carrier of glomerular filtrate through much of the nephron especially within the renal cortex |
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Collecting duct |
Immediately post - tubes and kidneys through which still - forming urine |
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Urine |
Of kidney function that passes into the renal pelvis and then into ureters |
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Concentrated urine |
Does kidney functioning possessing relatively low levels of water |
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Dilute urine |
Relative kidney functioning possessing relatively high levels of water |
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Ureters |
Tubes connecting kidney to bladder |
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Urinary bladder |
Collecting organ of the water and waste excreted by the kidney |
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Urethra |
Tube connecting the bladder to outside of the body |
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Internal urethral sphincter |
Effector of involuntary control over voiding of the bladder |
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External urethral sphincter |
Effector of voluntary control over voiding of the bladder |
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Diuretic |
Drug that increases the amount of water present in urine |
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Micturition |
Clinical term for urination, ie, the voiding one's bladder |
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Continence |
Voluntary control over urination |
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Cystitis |
Inflammation of the urinary bladder such as caused by urinary tract infections |
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Kidney stone |
Common names for renal calculus |
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Renal failure |
Lack of sufficient filtration of the blood by the kidneys |
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Hemodialysis |
Means of artificial filtration of blood outside of the body as required given reduced kidney functioning |