Ch. 13 Key Terms

Front 1

acculturation

Back 1

exchange of cultural features that results when gprs. come into continuous firsthand contact;

the cultrl patterns of either or both grps. may be changed, but the GRPS. REMAIN DISTINCT

Front 2

core values

Back 2

key, basic, or central values that integrate a culture and help dist. it from otrs

Front 3

cultural relativism

Back 3

pos'n th/values adn standards of cultures differ and deserve respect.

extreme relativism argues th/cultures should be judged solely by their own standards.

Front 4

cultural rights

Back 4

doctrine th/certain rights are vested in identifiable grps., such as religious and ethnic minorities and indigenous societies.

cultural rights include a grp.'s ability to:
--preserve culture
--raise its children in the ways of its forbears
--continue its language
--not to be deprived of its economic base by the nation-state in which it is located

Front 5

diffusion

Back 5

borrowing of cultrl traits bet. societies, ethier directly or thru intermediaries

Front 6

enculturation

Back 6

social process by wh/culture is learned and transmitted across the generations

Front 7

ethnocentrism

Back 7

tendency to view one's own culture as best and to judge the bhvr and beliefs of culturally diff. ppl by one's own standards

Front 8

generality

Back 8

culture pattern or trait that exists in some but not all societies

Front 9

globalization

Back 9

accelerating interdependence of nations in a world system linked economically and thru mass media and modern transportatn systems

Front 10

human rights

Back 10

doctrine that invokes a realm of JUSTICE AND MORALITY BEYOND AND SUPERIOR TO PARICULAR COUNTRIES, CULTURES, AND RELIGIONS.

human rights, usually seen as vested in indiv.s, wld incl. the rt. to:
--speak freely
--hold religious blfs w/o persecutn
--not to be murdered, injured, enslaved, or imprisoned w/o charge.

Front 11

independent intervention

Back 11

devel. of the same cultrl trait or pattern in separate cultures as a result of comparable needs, circumstances, and solutions.

(cultural analog of convergent evolution)

Front 12

international culture

Back 12

culturl traditns that extend beyond national boundaries

Front 13

IPR

Back 13

Intellectual Property Rights, consisting of ea. society's cultrl base--its core blfs and principles.

IPR are claimed as a grp. right--a cultural right, allowing indigenous grps. to ctrl who may know and use their collectiv knowledge and its applicatns

Front 14

national culture

Back 14

cultrl experiences, blfs, lrnd bhvr patterns, and values shared by citizens of the same nation.

Front 15

particularity

Back 15

distinctive or unique culture trait, pattern, or integration

Front 16

subcultures

Back 16

diff. cultrl traditns assoc. w/subgrps. in the same complex society.

Front 17

symbol

Back 17

something, verbal or nonverbal, th/arbitrarily and by conventn stands for sthg else, with wh/it has no necessary or natural connxn

Front 18

universal

Back 18

describes sthg that exists in every culture