Ch. 12-13

Front 1

Physical activity

Back 1

Any movement produced by muscles that increases energy expenditure. includes occupational, Leisure Time, household and transportation activities

Front 2

Leisure Time physical activity

Back 2

Any activity not related to a person's occupation, includes competitive Sports, recreational activities, and planned exercise training

Front 3

Exercise

Back 3

Is subcategory of Leisure Time physical activity, any activity that is purposeful, plans, and structured

Front 4

Physical fitness

Back 4

The ability to carry out daily tasks with Vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to enjoy leisure-time Pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies

Front 5

Resistance training

Back 5

Exercise in which our muscles act against resistance

Front 6

Aerobic exercise

Back 6

Exercise which involves the repetitive movement of large muscle groups, increasing the body's use of oxygen and promoting cardiovascular health

Front 7

Overload principle

Back 7

Placing an extra physical Demand on your body in order to improve your Fitness level

Front 8

Hypertrophy

Back 8

The increase in strength and size that results from repeated work to a specific muscle or muscle group

Front 9

Atrophy

Back 9

A decrease in the size and strength of muscles that occurs when they are not adequately worked

Front 10

FITT Principle

Back 10

The principle used to achieve an appropriate overload for physical training. Frequency, intensity, time, type of activity

Front 11

Frequency

Back 11

Refers to the number of activity sessions performed per week

Front 12

Intensity

Back 12

The amount of effort expended during an activity, or how difficult the activity is to perform

Front 13

Low intensity exercise

Back 13

Activities that cause very mild increases in breathing, sweating, and heart rate

Front 14

Moderate-intensity exercise

Back 14

Activities that cause moderate increases in breathing, sweating, and heart rate

Front 15

Vigorous intensity exercise

Back 15

Activities that produce significant increases and breathing, so I didn't, and heart rate, talking is difficult as well

Front 16

Maximal heart rate

Back 16

The rate at which your heart beats during maximal intensity

Front 17

Time of activity

Back 17

How long each exercise session last

Front 18

Warm up

Back 18

Also called preliminary exercise, includes activities that prepare you for an exercise bout, including stretching, calisthenics, and movements specific to an exercise bout

Front 19

Cool down

Back 19

Activities done after an exercise session is completed, should be gradual and allow your body to slowly recover from exercise

Front 20

Adenosine triphosphate

Back 20

The common currency of energy for virtually all cells of the body. ATP

Front 21

Anaerobic

Back 21

The term used to refer to metabolic reactions that occur without oxygen. Anaerobic means without oxygen

Front 22

Glycolysis

Back 22

The breakdown of glucose, yields two ATP and two pyruvic acid molecules for each glucose molecule

Front 23

Pyruvic acid

Back 23

The primary end product of glycolysis

Front 24

Lactic acid

Back 24

A compound that results when pyruvic acid is metabolized in the presence of insufficient oxygen

Front 25

Grazing

Back 25

Consistently eating small meals throughout the day, done by many athletes to meet their high energy demands

Front 26

Carbohydrate loading

Back 26

A process that involves altering training and carb intake, so that muscle glycogen storage is maximized. Also known as glycogen loading

Front 27

Evaporative cooling

Back 27

The primary way in which we dissipate Heat. Also called sweating

Front 28

ergogenic AIDS

Back 28

Substances used to improve exercise and athletic performance

Front 29

Anaerobic

Back 29

The term applied to a substance that builds muscle and increases strength

Front 30

Foodborne illness

Back 30

An illness transmitted by food or water contaminated by a pathogenic microorganism, it's toxic secretions, or a toxic chemical

Front 31

Helminths

Back 31

Multicellular microscopic worm

Front 32

Protozoa

Back 32

Single-celled mobile microorganisms

Front 33

Prion

Back 33

A protein that Miss folds and becomes infectious, prions are not living cellular organisms or viruses

Front 34

Toxin

Back 34

Any harmful substance, in microbiology, a chemical produced by a microorganism that harms tissues or causes harmful immune responses

Front 35

USDA

Back 35

Overseas safety of meat, poultry, and eggs sold across state lines. Also regulates which drugs can be used to treat sick cattle and poultry

Front 36

FDA

Back 36

Regulates food standards or food products and bottled water, regulates food labeling and enforces pesticide use as established by the EPA

Front 37

CDC

Back 37

Works with public health officials to promote and educate the public about health and safety, able to track information needed and identifying foodborne illness outbreaks

Front 38

EPA

Back 38

Regulates use of pesticides and which crops they can be applied to, establishes standards for water quality