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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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codominance |
when both phenotypes produced are completely expressed. example- when a white dog and and a black dog reproduce there babies with be black and white spotted |
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color blindness |
carried on the X chromosome sex-linked trait |
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deletion |
part of chromosome or sequence on DNA is lost during replication |
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dihybrid cross |
cross involving two traits 4x4 punnet square |
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dominant |
more likely to be seen in individuals more influence |
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genetics |
study of how traits are passed to off spring |
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genotype |
genetic makeup tells what alleles the organisms have |
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heterozygous |
having different alleles one capital letter one lowercase ex- Aa |
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homozygous |
having two of the same alleles recessive - two lowercase letters ex- aa dominant - two capital letters ex- AA |
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blood types type A blood |
I^A I^A |
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blood types type B blood |
I^B i |
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type AB blood |
I^A I^B |
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type O blood |
i i |
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hybrid |
offspring crosses between parents with different traits |
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incomplete dominance |
"blended phenotypes" colors are mixed ex- red flower and a white flower would make a pink flower |
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insertion |
extra nitrogen base is added into nucleotide sequence |
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karyotype |
number, size and shape of chromosome in an organism |
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monohybrid |
mating between two individuals 2x2 punnet square |
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multiple alleles |
trait having more than one alleles offspring inherits one from mom and one from dad |
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nondisjunction |
error in meiosis in witch the homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly |
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yay |
yay |
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phenotype |
physical characteristics of an organism |
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polygenic traits |
traits controlled by many genes |
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punnet square |
diagram used to predict the outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
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recessive |
represented by a lowercase letter is over powered by dominate traits usually masked less influence |
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sex chromosomes male |
XY |
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sex chromosomes female |
XX |
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sex linked traits |
gene is carried by X Chromosome |
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substitution |
one nitrogen base replaces another either there's no effect bc nitrogen base that replaced still codes for the same amino acid or there is change when nitrogen base that replaced codes for a different amino acid |
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trait |
a specific characteristic |
