Ch. 10 - The Muscular System (Muscles)

Front 1

frontalis

Back 1

muscle that raises the eyebrows, wrinkles the forehead

Front 2

orbicularis oculi

Back 2

muscle that closes the eye

Front 3

zygomaticus

Back 3

muscle that raises the lateral corners of the mouth upward (smile)

Front 4

orbicularis oris

Back 4

muscle that protrudes the lips (kiss)

Front 5

buccinator

Back 5

muscle that compresses the cheek, holds food between the teeth

Front 6

platysma

Back 6

muscle that depresses the mandible, tenses neck skin

Front 7

masseter

Back 7

muscle that closes the jaw (prime mover)

Front 8

temporalis

Back 8

muscle that closes the jaw and maintains its position during rest

Front 9

digastric

Back 9

muscle that elevates the hyoid during swallowing

Front 10

sternohyoid

Back 10

muscle that depresses the hyoid and larynx during swallowing

Front 11

sternocleidomastoid

Back 11

muscle that flexes and laterally rotates the head

Front 12

pectoralis major

Back 12

large fan-shaped chest muscle that adducts and flexes the arm

Front 13

serratus anterior

Back 13

muscle that protracts the scapula

Front 14

trapezius

Back 14

muscle that stabilizes and retracts the scapula, raises the head

Front 15

levator scapulae

Back 15

muscle that elevates and adducts the scapula; deep to the trapezius

Front 16

rhomboids

Back 16

muscles that stabilize the scapula; deep to the trapezius

Front 17

latissimus dorsi

Back 17

back muscle that extends and adducts the arm

Front 18

deltoid

Back 18

shoulder muscle that abducts the arm

Front 19

rotator cuff muscles

Back 19

shoulder muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint

Front 20

1. supraspinatus

2. infraspinatus

3. subscapularis

4. teres minor

Back 20

4 rotator cuff muscles

Front 21

teres major

Back 21

muscle that extends, medially rotates, and adducts the arm; synergist of latissimus dorsi

Front 22

intercostals

Back 22

rib muscles that help with breathing

Front 23

diaphragm

Back 23

muscle that helps with breathing

Front 24

rectus abdominis

Back 24

muscle that compresses the abdomen

Front 25

external and internal obliques

Back 25

abdominal muscles that compress the abdominal wall

Front 26

transverse abdominis

Back 26

abdominal muscle that compresses abdominal contents

Front 27

biceps brachii

Back 27

muscle that flexes the elbow joint and supinates the forearm

Front 28

brachialis

Back 28

muscle that flexes the forearm

Front 29

brachioradialis

Back 29

muscle that helps flex the forearm

Front 30

triceps brachii

Back 30

muscle that extends the forearm

Front 31

pronator teres

Back 31

muscle that pronates the forearm

Front 32

flexor carpi radialis

Back 32

muscle that flexes the wrist and abducts the hand

Front 33

flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 33

muscle that flexes the wrist and adducts the hand

Front 34

palmaris longus

Back 34

muscle that tenses the skin and palm fascia during hand movements; carpal tunnel

Front 35

extensor carpi radialis

Back 35

muscle that extends and abducts the wrist

Front 36

extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 36

muscle that extends and adducts the wrist

Front 37

extensor digitorum

Back 37

muscle that extends the fingers and wrist

Front 38

sartorius

Back 38

muscle that flexes the thigh and the knee

Front 39

adductor longus

Back 39

muscle that adducts the thigh

Front 40

gracilis

Back 40

muscle that adducts the thigh and flexes and medially rotates the leg

Front 41

adductor magnus

Back 41

muscle that adducts and medially rotates and flexes the thigh

Front 42

tensor fascia latae

Back 42

muscle that steadies the knee and abducts the thigh by pulling on the iliotibial tract

Front 43

quadriceps femoris

Back 43

group of muscles that stabilize and extend the knee

Front 44

1. rectus femoris

2. vastus lateralis

3. vastus medialis

4. vastus intermedius

Back 44

4 quadriceps muscles

Front 45

gluteus maximus

Back 45

muscle that extends the thigh

Front 46

hamstrings

Back 46

group of muscles that extend the thigh and flex the knee

Front 47

1. biceps femoris

2. semitendinosus

3. semimembranosus

Back 47

3 hamstring muscles

Front 48

tibialis anterior

Back 48

prime mover of dorsiflexion

Front 49

extensor digitorum longus

Back 49

muscle that extends the toes and dorsiflexes the foot

Front 50

fibularis longus

Back 50

muscle that plantar flexes and everts the foot

Front 51

soleus

Back 51

muscle that plantar flexes the foot by pulling on the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)

Front 52

gastrocnemius

Back 52

calf muscle that plantar flexes the foot and the knee