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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Evolution-
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change of a species over time; process of biological change by which descendents come to differ from their ancestors
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Species-
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group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
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Fossil-
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trace of an organism from the past
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Catastrophism-
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theory that states that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions shaped earth’s landforms and caused extinction of some species
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Natural selection-
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mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals
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Population-
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all of the individuals of a species that live in the same area
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Biogeography-
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study of the distribution of organisms around the world
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Paleontology-
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study of fossils of extinct organisms
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Gene pool-
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collection of alleles found in all of the individuals of a population
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Allele frequency-
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proportion of one allele, compared with all the alleles for that trait, in the gene pool
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Coevolution-
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process in which two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other
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Extinction-
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elimination of a species from Earth
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Isotope-
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form of an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons as another element
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Half-life-
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amount of time it takes for half of the isotope in a sample to decay into its product isotope
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Index fossil-
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fossil of an organism that existed during only specific spans of geologic time across large geographic areas
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Geologic time scale-
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time scale representing the history of Earth
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Era-
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second largest unit of geologic time, lasting tens to hundreds of millions of years and consisting of two or more periods.
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Endosymbiosis-
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ecological relationship in which one organism lives within the body of another
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Anthropoid-
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humanlike primate
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Bipedal-
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animal that walks on two legs
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