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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is slash and burn agriculture?
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people would burn off trees in an area, farm it intensively for a few years until soil was depleted and then move on.
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what encouraged people to form villages?
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need for irrigation and defense
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where were irrigation devices needed?
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meddle east, china, parts of africa and india.
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when did civilization originate in the middle eastern region?
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3500 bce
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what were the first five civilizations and their dates of existance?
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1. m.e. between tigris and euphrates rivers, about 3500 bce.
2. egypt 3..india, banks of indus river around 2500 bce 4. china 5. central america |
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define civilization.
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societies with enough surplus to form divisions of labor and a social hierarchy involving significant inequalities.
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what is a chief difference between civilizations and other societies?
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emergence of formal politicl states (orgs) rather than dependence on family or tribal ties.
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why are large cities crucial to civilizations?
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they amass wealth and power, allow rapic exchange of ideas among large numbers of people.they promote specialization in manufacturing and trade.
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what was the first human writing?
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cuneiform in the middle east around 3500 bce.
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why is ability to write important to civilizations?
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1. organize more elaborate poolitical structures.
2.ability to sent messages and keep records 3. can tax more efficiently 4. generate a more explicit intellectual climate. 5. build on past written wisdom. |
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who and why does history of civilizations does not include?
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nomads and hunters because they didn't have the stabulity and resources to generate a civilization.
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what are some characteristics of civilizations?
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firmer class or caste divisions(including slavery)
promote greater separating between rulers and ruled frequently are quite warlike greater inequality between men and women |
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why did nomadic people play vital roles in workd trade and developing contacts?
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because they traveled so much
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