Ch. 1 Historical And Contemporary Nursing Practice

Front 1

Alexian Brothers

Back 1

Organized (during medieval times) care for victims of the Black Plague in the 14th century in Germany.

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Caregiver

Back 2

The role has traditionally included those activities that assist the client physically and psychologically while preserving the client's dignity. The required nursing actions may involve full care for the completely dependent; partial care for the partially dependent; and supportive-educative care to assist in attaining their highest possible level of health and wellness. Encompasses: physical, psychosocial, developmental, cultural, and spiritual levels.

Front 3

Case manager

Back 3

Help ensure that care is oriented to the client, while controlling costs. Nurses in this role work with the multidisciplinary health care team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan and to monitor outcomes. Each agency or unit specifies the role of the nurse _.

Front 4

Change agent

Back 4

The nurse acts as a _ when assisting clients to make modifications in their behavior. Nurses also often act to make modifications in a system, such as clinical care, if it is not helping a client return to health.

Front 5

Clara Barton

Back 5

Was a schoolteacher who volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War. She is noted for her role in establishing the American Red Cross, which linked with the International Red Cross when the U.S Congress ratified the Treaty of Geneva (Geneva Convention). It was her who persuaded congress in 1882 to ratify this.

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Client

Back 6

Is a person who engages the advice or services of another who is qualified to provide this service.

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client Advocate

Back 7

Acts to protect the client. in this role, the nurse may represent the client's needs and wishes to other health professionals, such as relaying the client's request for information to the physician. They can also assist clients in exercising their rights and help them speak up for themselves.

Front 8

communicator

Back 8

In this role, nurses identify client problems and then communicate these verbally or in writing to other members of the health team.

Front 9

consumer

Back 9

Is an individual, a group of people, or a community that uses a service or commodity.

Front 10

continuing education (CE)

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It is the responsibility of all practicing nurses. Refers to formalized experiences designed to enhance the knowledge or skills of practicing professionals. Compared to advanced educational programs, which results in an academic degree, __ courses tend to be more specific and shorter. Participants may receive certificates of completion or specialization.

Front 11

Counseling

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Is the process of helping a client to recognize and cope with stressful psychological or social problems, to develop improved interpersonal relationships, and to promote personal growth. It involves providing emotional, intellectual, and psychological support.

Front 12

Demography

Back 12

Is the study of population, including statistics about distribution by age and place of residence, mortality (death), and morbidity (incidence of disease). From this, the needs of nursing service can be assessed.

Front 13

Diagnostic-related groups (DRGs)

Back 13

In 1982, the Medicare payment system to hospitals and physicians was revised to establish reimbursement fees according to a client's medical diagnosis. This classification system is known as_

Front 14

Dorothea Dix

Back 14

Was the Union's superintendent of female nurses during the Civil War.

Front 15

Fabiola

Back 15

One of several wealthy matrons of the Roman Empire from the third/fourth century, converted to Christianity and used wealth to provide houses of care and healing (the forerunner of hospitals) for the poor, the sick, and the homeless.

Front 16

Florence Nightingale

Back 16

considered the founder of modern nursing. Was influential in developing nursing education, practice, and administration. Her publications (Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not, first published in England ). Her Contributions to nursing are well documented. Her achievements in improving the standards for the care of war casualties in the Crimea earned her the title "Lady with the Lamp". her

Front 17

Governance

Back 17

Is the establishment and maintenance of social, political, and economic arrangements by which practitioners control their practice, their self-discipline, their working conditions, and their professional affairs. Nurses, therefore, need to work within their professional organization.

Front 18

Harriet Tubman

Back 18

Was known as "The Moses of Her People" for her work with the Underground Railroad. During the Civil war, she nursed the sick and suffering of her own race.

Front 19

In-service education

Back 19

A specific type of continuing education program that is offered by an employer. It is designed to upgrade the knowledge or skills of employees, as well as to validate continuing competence in selected procedure and areas of practice.

Front 20

Knights of Saint Lazarus

Back 20

Dedicated themselves to care of people with leprosy, syphilis, and chronic skin conditions. From the time of Christ to the mid-13th century, leprosy was viewed as an incurable and terminal disease. -The crusades saw the formation of several orders of _, like _. Help set the standard for administration of hospitals throughout Europe at that time.

Front 21

Lavina L. Dock

Back 21

Nursing leader and suffragist. she was active in the protests movement for women's rights that resulted in the US constitution amendment allowing women to vote in 1920.

Front 22

Leader

Back 22

Influences others to work together to accomplish a specific goal.

Front 23

Lillian Wald

Back 23

is considered the founder of public health nursing. Was the first with mary brewster to offer trained nursing services to the poor in the new york slums.

Front 24

Linda Richards

Back 24

Was America's first trained nurse. Known for introducing nurse's notes and doctor's orders. She also initiated the practice of nurses wearing uniforms. she is credited for her pioneer work in psychiatric and industrial nursing.

Front 25

Luther Christman

Back 25

20th century nurse leader: Was a male nurse of distinction in the US. He was the Chairman of the board of AAMN(American Academy of Nursing) He was named a "living legend" by the organization. He was the first man to be a dean at a university school of nursing.

Front 26

Manager

Back 26

Delegates nursing activities to ancillary workers and other nurses, and supervises and evaluates their performance.

Front 27

Margaret Higgins Sanger

Back 27

Nurse activist considered the founder of planned parenthood, was imprisoned for opening the first birth control information clinic in Baltimore in 1916

Front 28

Mary Breckinridge

Back 28

A notable pioneer nurse, established the frontier nursing service (FNS) in 1925 four years after returning to the USA. In 1918, she worked with the American Committee for devastated France, distributing food, clother, and supplies to rural villages and taking care of sick children.

Front 29

Mary Mahoney

Back 29

Was the first African American professional nurse. She graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and children in 1879. She constantly worked for the acceptance of African Americans in nursing and for the promotion of equal opportunities.

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Patient

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A person who is waiting for or undergoing medical treatment and care.

Front 31

Patient Self-Discrimination Act (PSDA)

Back 31

Requires that every competent adult be informed in writing on admission to a health care institution about his or her rights to accept or refuse medical care and to use advance directives.

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Profession

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An occupation that requires extensive education or calling that requires special knowledge, skill, and preparation. It is generally distinguished from other kinds of occupations by (a) its requirement of prolonged, specialized training to acquire a body of knowledge pertinent to the role to be performed; (b) an orientation of the individual toward service, either to a community or to an organization; (c) ongoing research; (d) a code of ethics; (e) autonomy; and (f) a professional organization.

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Professionalism

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Refers to the professional character, spirit, or methods. It is a set of attributes, a way of life that implies responsibility and commitment.

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Professionalization

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Is the process of becoming professional, that is, of acquiring characteristics considered to be professional.

Front 35

Sairy Gamp

Back 35

A character in charles Dicken's book "Martin Chuzzlewit", represented the negative image of nurses in the early 1800s.

Front 36

Socialization

Back 36

The process by which people (a) learn to become members of groups and society and (b) learn the social rules defining relationships into which they will enter.

Front 37

Sojourner Truth

Back 37

Was an abolitionist, Under ground Railroad agent, preacher, and women's rights advocate, was a nurse for more than 4 years during the Civil War and worked as a nurse and counselor for the Freedmen's Relief Association after the war.

Front 38

Standards of Practice

Back 38

Is to describe the responsibilities for which nurses are accountable. (assessment, diagnosis, outcomes, planning, implementation, evaluation)

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Standards of Professional performance

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Consists of standards of practice (assessment, diagnosis, outcomes, planning, implementation, evaluation) and standards of professional performance (ethics, education, evidence-based practice and research, quality of practice, communication, leadership, collaboration, professional practice evaluation, resource utilization, environmental health)

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Teacher

Back 40

As a teacher, the nurse helps clients learn about their health and the health care procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their health. The nurse assess the client's learning needs and readiness to learn, sets specific learning goals in conjunction with the client, enacts teaching strategies, and measures learning. They also teach UAP, to whom they delegate care and they share their expertise with other nurses and health professionals.

Front 41

Telecommunications

Back 41

The transmission of information from one site to another, using equipment to transmit information in the forms of signs, signals, words, or pictures by cable, radio, or other systems.