Cfd 160 Test 1

Front 1

Neurons

Back 1

brain cells that are developed before birth. they connect to the axon which reaches the dendrites.

Front 2

Axon

Back 2

sends information to dendrites

Front 3

dendrites

Back 3

receive information from axons

Front 4

synapse

Back 4

are created by repetition this happens after birth.

Front 5

brain development

Back 5

is a mix of predetermined genetic make up and experiences the child has

Front 6

social attachment optimal window

Back 6

up to 18 months

Front 7

first 10 years of brain development

Back 7

has a profound impact on the rest of the life

Front 8

plasticity

Back 8

the brain can be shaped and molded fairly easily. however, once it is hurt the hurt area cannot be recovered another area of the brain must become responsible for the lost act.

Front 9

directional growth

Back 9

occures from the head down and the middle outward. cephalocaudal &
proximodistal

Front 10

genral to specific growth

Back 10

larger activities mastered first. example first arms move then eventually pincer grasp is developed.
Large motor development before fine motor development.

Front 11

differentiation/integration in growth

Back 11

differentiation/integration in growth
differentiation has to do with knowing which body part to move….head versus head and shoulders (age 3)
differentiation before integration
(putting the pieces together)

Front 12

variations in growth

Back 12

variations in growth – girls faster than boys until adolescence. Different parts of the body at different rates.

Front 13

optimal tendency in growth

Back 13

tries to fulfill its maximum potential to grow (hold ups due to poor nutrition, illness, etc.)

Front 14

sequential growth

Back 14

the order of growth

Front 15

growth during critical periods

Back 15

growth spurts during critical periods…..2 fast/2 slow

Front 16

three stages of labor

Back 16

stage 1 dialation (opening). Stage 2 Explusion. Stage 3 Placenta

Front 17

stage 1 of labor dialation

Back 17

2-16 hours or more. Each contraction becomes longer and, toward the end of the first stage, may last 90 seconds. There may be a series of very intense contractions; during this time the cervix has been stretched around the baby’s head this phase is known as transition, It rarely lasts more than 30 min.

Front 18

stage 2 of labor explusion

Back 18

this is when crowning occures and the baby is birthed

Front 19

stage 3 of labor placenta

Back 19

the placenta and cord are birthed out and labor is complete.

Front 20

the fertilized cell is called a

Back 20

zygote

Front 21

conception to 6 months growth

Back 21

growth is dramatically rapid

Front 22

toddler/preschool growth

Back 22

growth levels off and proceeds at a steady rate until puberty

Front 23

puberty growth

Back 23

growth rate dramatically increases for a while

Front 24

where does fertilization occur

Back 24

in the fallopian tube

Front 25

20weeks fetal characteristics

Back 25

child can hear and recognize voice, could possibly survive if birthed right now, fingernails and finger prints appear, sex can be determined by ultra sound

Front 26

24 weeks fetal characteristics

Back 26

covered with a fine, downy hair called lanugo. Its tender skin is protected by a waxy substance called vernix, child practices breathing by inhaling amnionic fluid into developing lungs.

Front 27

umbilical chord

Back 27

baby's lifeline to the mother. Nourishment is transferred from the mother's blood, through the placenta, and into the umbilical cord to the fetus. If the mother ingests any toxic substances, such as drugs or alcohol, the baby receives these as well.

Front 28

formal assessment

Back 28

In this class, the following assessments are used.
Developmental Checklists
ASQ
Denver Developmental

Front 29

informal assessment

Back 29

Observations – also used heavily in this class
Running Records
Photographs – type of documentation/artifact
Anecdotal Records

Front 30

anecdotal records

Back 30

like we take for lab

Front 31

first critical period

Back 31

foundation of emotional development, it opens at birth and closes at about 18 months

Front 32

second critical period

Back 32

foundation of language development that opens at birth and closes around age 6.

Front 33

ways to support brain development

Back 33

time (floor time, one-on-one time), Touch (use of senses, soft touches), Talk (talk—describe what you are doing; Describe what they are doing;
Take the baby on walks and talk about what you are seeing ask them what they are seeing.
Engage the baby in a “two-way” conversation), Training (repetition)

Front 34

The unborn child is most susceptible to harm from drugs or disease during which trimester of prenatal life?

Back 34

first trimester

Front 35

True or false? Erik Erikson developed a stage theory which was limited to the first 8 years of life

Back 35

False

Front 36

True or False Piaget believed that disequilibrium with present ideas motivates the child to accommodate new information and schemata

Back 36

True

Front 37

Which theorist suggested that the young child processes knowledge differently from older children and adults?

Back 37

Piaget

Front 38

True or False A diagnostic test identifies a child’s strengths or weaknesses in a certain area of development.

Back 38

True

Front 39

Gesell had a _____ approach to studying child development

Back 39

maturational

Front 40

Formal approaches to the study of young children usually rely upon

Back 40

achievement tests

Front 41

While anecdotal records are difficult to code or analyze for research, they...

Back 41

provide open-ended rich detail.

Front 42

Which is NOT a type of informal assessment?
achievement test
anecdotal record
running record
checklist based on observation

Back 42

achievement test

Front 43

Written observations of children as the behaviors occur in their context are called

Back 43

narrative

Front 44

T or F Nicotine is an example of a teratogen

Back 44

True

Front 45

T or F Today’s fathers are not able to take a parenting role that is as active as fathers’ roles 30 years ago

Back 45

False

Front 46

T or F The mother-father relationship directly affects the father’s involvement with the infant

Back 46

True

Front 47

Because caring for and nurturing young children is physically and emotionally demanding, time consuming, and costly, some experts suggest this spacing between children

Back 47

three years

Front 48

The length of an average pregnancy, which can range from 37 to 42 weeks is called: fertility
gestation
prematurity
prenatal

Back 48

Gestation

Front 49

A woman who is pregnant for the first time is called a primagravida
multigravida
gestational
hypertensive

Back 49

Primagravida

Front 50

Psychologists believe that a caregiving system surrounds young children
through their mothers’ and fathers’ relationship with one another.
and becomes disorganized when parents cannot agree on coparenting issues.
and may exclude one parent.
all of these

Back 50

All of these

Front 51

The period encompassing the weeks before a birth, the birth, and the few weeks thereafter is called
a. perinatal.
b. prolactin.
c. neonatal.
d. postpartum

Back 51

perinatal

Front 52

The first cell resulting from the fertilization of the ovum by the sperm is called the
a. zygote.
b. gender.
c. placenta.
d. embryo

Back 52

Zygote

Front 53

The third through eighth weeks of pregnancy, during which the major organ systems are formed, is called the
a. dizygotic stage.
b. monozygotic stage.
c. embryonic stage.
d. fetal stage.

Back 53

Embryonic stage

Front 54

A time of physiological and/or psychological sensitivity during which the normal development of a major organ or structural system is vulnerable to insult or injury is called the
a. essential period.
b. critical period.
c. neonatal period.
d. All development is equally as sensitive throughout all of the child’s growth.

Back 54

critical period

Front 55

The newborn from birth to four weeks is the
a. premature infant.
b. critical period.
c. neonate.
d. perinatal infant.

Back 55

neonate

Front 56

Infants who have been delivered by cesarean usually have long-term neurological or cognitive effects.
a. true
b. false

Back 56

false

Front 57

A benefit to having parents learn how to give the NBAS is that it gave them more confidence in handling their infants.
a. true
b. false

Back 57

true

Front 58

An isolette provides a controlled environment for the newborn.
a. true
b. false

Back 58

true

Front 59

Forceps are no longer used in delivery because of risk of damage to the infant’s head.
a. true
b. false

Back 59

false

Front 60

Generally speaking, the nonresident father avoids his parental responsibilities.
a. true
b. false

Back 60

false

Front 61

A process sometimes used to evaluate the newborn’s ability to cope with postnatal life, usually at 1, 5, and sometimes 15 minutes after birth, is
a. the Apgar.
b. NBAS.
c. IQ.
d. Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale.

Back 61

the APGAR

Front 62

4. The ________ evaluation procedure assesses 26 behaviors of newborns in an attempt to elicit the infant’s highest level of performance.
a. Apgar
b. NBAS
c. IQ
d. Moro reflex test

Back 62

NBAS

Front 63

A physician who specializes in care for the newborn is called a(n)
a. phlebotomist.
b. audiologist.
c. neonatologist.
d. gerontologist

Back 63

neonatologist

Front 64

Upon the birth of a sibling it is not unusual for young children to
a. revert to earlier immature behaviors.
b. seek out new friendships.
c. engage in more “grown up” behavior.
d. realign family loyalties.

Back 64

revert to earlier immature behaviors

Front 65

Older siblings can be helped to adjust to a new brother or sister when they are
a. enrolled in many out-of-home activities.
b. punished for inappropriate reactions to the infant.
c. involved in making decisions regarding the infant.
d. told immediately when the mother knows she is pregnant.

Back 65

involved in making decisions regarding the infant

Front 66

A(n) ______ is a device used during labor that is attached to the fetus’ scalp to determine the fetal heart rate.
a. isolette
b. forceps
c. intravenous catheter
d. electronic fetal monitor

Back 66

electronic fetal monitor

Front 67

There is a tendency toward nearsightedness in the neonate.
a. true
b. false

Back 67

true

Front 68

Fontanelles are the thin, soft spaces between the cranial bones of the fetus and infant.
a. true
b. false

Back 68

true

Front 69

Breast milk provides initial immunologic advantages through colostrum.
a. true
b. false

Back 69

true

Front 70

Infant mortality rates in the United States are considered relatively high for a modern industrialized nation.
a. true
b. false

Back 70

true

Front 71

Solid foods should not be introduced during the first to second months of life.
a. true
b. false

Back 71

true

Front 72

A pacifier dipped in honey or corn syrup is a good way to calm a hungry infant.
a. true
b. false

Back 72

false

Front 73

The principle of ______ development describes the child’s progression of growth and development from head to toe.
a. subcortical
b. proximodistal
c. cephalocaudal
d. tertiary

Back 73

cephalocaudal

Front 74

The principle of ______ development describes the child’s progression of growth and development from the midline or trunk outward.
a. subcortical
b. proximodistal
c. cephalocaudal
d. tertiary

Back 74

proximodistal

Front 75

Within the first few days of life, infants are able to recognize the smell of their __________.
a. surroundings.
b. mother.
c. own perspiration

Back 75

mother

Front 76

The infant’s individual, biologically-based behavior style is called
a. personality.
b. internal working model.
c. sensorimotor type.
d. temperament.

Back 76

temperament

Front 77

list four ways malnutrition can affect the neonate

Back 77

damage the central nervous system, low birth weight, poor immune system, distorted organs causing life long health issues

Front 78

list four types of delivery

Back 78

natural, C-section, Induced labor, Water birth

Front 79

APGAR score is based on what?

Back 79

Heart Rate, Respiratory effort, Reflex irritability, muscle tone and color

Front 80

Newborn reflexes

Back 80

rooting, sucking, swimming, palmar grasp, stepping, moro

Front 81

moro

Back 81

toes fan out when sole of foot is stroked