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20 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. Nicotinic symptoms?
a. Cardiac: HTN, tachycardia, arrhythmia
b. Muscle: Fasciculations, weakness, tremors
c. Respiratory failure due to diaphragm paralysis
2. Muscarinic symptoms?
a. Emesis
b. Urinary and fecal incontinence
c. Respiratory: Bronchorrhea, bronchospasm
d. Cardiac: Hypotension, bradycardia
e. Tearing and drooling
f. Miosis.
3. First thing to do in pt w/organophosphate poisoning?
a. Take off clothes to prevent further absorption.
4. Best therapy for organophosphate poisoning?
a. Decontamination of child (remove clothes) and washing all skin surfaces.
b. Supportive care
c. Administration of atropine or Pralidoxime
d. ABCs of course (may need require frequent suctioning for excessive secretions.
5. Tx of organophosphate poisoning if ingested?
a. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal but compounds are rapidly absorbed and the benefits somewhat limited.
6. Common causes of Organophosphate poisoning?
6. Common causes of Organophosphate poisoning?
a. Parathion
b. Malathion
c. Diazinon.
7. MOA of organophosphates?
a. They bind irreversibly to cholinesterase of neurons and erythrocytes, as well as to liver pseudocholinesterase.
b. The common finding is failure to terminate the effects of acetylcholine as the receptor sites.
c. So the effect is continual stim with Ach.
8. S/S of cholinergic excess?
a. DUMBBELS
1. Diarrhea/Defecation
2. Urination
3. Miosis
4. Bradycardia
5. Bronchorrhea
6. Emesis/Excitation of muscles
7. Lacrimation
8. Salivation
9. In addition to the muscarinic effects of organophosphate poisoning from cholinergic excess what other symptoms are seen?
a. Obtundation
b. Seizures
c. Apnea.
10. Confirmation of Organophosphate poisoning?
a. ↓’d serum pseudocholinesterase and erythrocyte cholinesterase levels.
b. But the correlation of the magnitude of exposure to these levels is poor.
11. MOA of atropine?
a. Antagonizing the muscarinic receptors
b. Large, repeated, and sometimes continuous doses may be required.
c. Often the amount and number of atropine doses required correlates to the degree of exposure and may assist in the prediction of course duration.
12. MOA of pralidoxime?
a. Pralidoxime is a cholinesterase-reactivating oxime, often used for pts w/significant muscle weakness, esp if mechanical ventilation is required owing to muscle failure.
13. Sx of elemental mercury exposure?
a. A large acute elemental ingestion: variety of GI complaints.
b. IF elemental mercury is in vapour form:
1. GI complaints along with
2. Fever/chills
3. HA
4. Visual changes
5. Cough
6. Chest
7. Pain
8. Possibly pneumonitis
9. Pulmonary oedema.
14. Sx of inorganic mercury salt exposure (pesticides, disinfectants, explosives, dry batteries)?
a. Gastroesophageal burns
b. N/V
c. Abdominal pain
d. Hematemesis
e. Hematochezia
f. CV collapse or death
15. S/S of Methyl mercury intoxication (contaminated fish exposure)?
a. Ataxia
b. Dysarthria
c. Paresthesias
16. Sx of chronic inorganic mercury intoxication “mad as a hatter, yeahh) ?
a. Gingivostomatitis
b. Tremor
c. Neuropsychiatric disturbances.
17. S/S of acute arsenic ingestion?
a. N/V
b. Abdominal pain
c. Diarrhea
d. 3rd-spacing and haemorrhage in the gut can lead to hypovolemic shoc.
e. Cardiac: Vtach (QT prolongation) and CHF.
f. These patients can develop seizures, cerebral oedema, encephalopathy, and coma.
18. Early signs of arsenic ingestion?
a. Loss of DTRs
b. Paralysis
c. Painful dysesthesias
d. Respiratory failure similar to Guillain-Barre.
19. Other signs of Arsenic poisoning?
a. Fever
b. Anaemia
c. Alopecia
d. Hepatitis and Renal failure
20. complete
20. complete