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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the use of microorganisms, plants and animals or parts thereof for the production of useful compounds.
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biotechnology
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what are the nucleotides in DNA
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adenosine
thymine cytosine guanosine |
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what are examples of biotechnology
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recombinant DNA Technology
Monoclonal antibody |
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what has all the machinery for transcription/translation to take place
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nucleus
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what is the order of central dogma of molecular biology
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replication (DNA replication)> transcription (DNA to RNA) > translation(RNA to Protein)
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what are the nucleotides in RNA
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adenosine
uracil cytosine guanosine |
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what do triplets define
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amino acid
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what are the pyrimidines
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cytosine
thymine uracil |
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what are the purines
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adenine
guanine |
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what is the main difference between the deoxyribose in DNA and the ribose in RNA
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the 2' carbon on DNA does not have an Oxygen attached
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what enables the transfer of amino acids into a growing polypeptide chain
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tRNA
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what is rRNA
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a component of protein producing ribosomes
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what is mRNA
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the template for the production of proteins
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what does helicase do
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helps with unwinding DNA
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what does DNA polymerase do
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replicates the DNA strand
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what is primase used for
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needed for DNA polymerase to initiate synthesis of a DNA
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what are the phases of transcription
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initiation (RNA P unwinds DNA)
elongation (RNA P reads DNA template and makes RNA transcript) |
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when does RNA splicing occur
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during transcription
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what is the composition of mature mRNA
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no introns only exons
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what are the DNA segments that define a gene
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transcription unit
minimal sequences needed to initiate transcription (the promoter) and to create the proper 3' terminus of the mature RNA sequence of elements that regulate the rate of transcription initiation |
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what is the transcription unit
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stretch of DNA that encodes the sequence of primary transcript, includes exons and introns
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what are the sequence of elements that regulate the rate of transcription initiation
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TATA box
enhancers/silencers |
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what does the TATA box do
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this is where DNA unwinds
binding site for transcription factors |
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what do enhancers/silencers do
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influence transcription from a distance regardless of the transcription start site
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what is used to bind amino acids to tRNA
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aminoacyl synthetases
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what are the examples of organ/cell specefic expression
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transcription factors
dysregulation temporal regulation receptors |
