Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which THREE cephs can cause bleeding tendencies and alcohol intolerance ?
|
Cefmetazole (Zefazone..2nd), cefoperazone (Cefobid, 3rd gen) and cefotetan (Cefotan..2nd)
|
|
|
Concomittant administration of cephalosporins with probenacid causes what ?
|
the probenacid delays excretion of the cephs and INCREASES circulating amount of roceph
|
|
|
When a cephalosporin is indicated for a gram positive infection, which generation should be prescribed ?
|
A first generation because they are the MOST active of all cephs against gram + and they are cheaper.
|
|
|
What is another use for the first generation cephs ?
|
surgical prophylaxis (less expensive and less broad antimicrobial spectrum)
|
|
|
Second generation cephs are often useful for...
|
pnuemonia caused by H.flu; klebsiella, pnuemococci and staphylococci
-oral cefuroxime (Zinacef) also useful in otitis, sinusitis and respiratory tract infections |
|
|
Why are third generations the DOC against meningitis ?
|
Because they are highly effective against gram negative organisms AND because they penetrate the CNS.
|
|
|
Ceftazidime is especially useful for treating memingitis caused by this organism ?
|
psuedemonas aeruginosa
-it is THE most effective of all cephs against p. aeruginosa and is clearly the preferred ceph for treating infections caused by this microbe |
|
|
What is another common use of the 2nd generation cephs ?
|
nosocomial infections
|
|
|
What are the DOC for infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, hflu, proteus, salmonella, klebsiella and serratia ?
|
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin..a 3rd generation) and cefotaxime (Claforan)= they are both third generations.
|
|
|
The third and fourth generation cephs should be AVOIDED in what situations ?
|
in situations where a first or second generation would do
-the treatment should be no broader than required, |
|
|
Why should the prescriber consider duration of action when choosing a ceph ?
|
Half life of the cephs varies from 30 minutes to 9 hours
-drugs with a longer half life require fewer administrations per day = better compliance |
|
|
Which two cephs have the longest half lives ?
|
Cefazolin (Keflex)
Cefonicid Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) Rocephin CANNOT be given PO |
|
|
Most all cephs are eliminated via this route ?
|
Renal
|
|
|
Which two are not eliminated renally ?
|
Cefoperazone and ceftriaxone (Rocephin) and also deftriaxone
|
|
|
Most cephs cannot be absorbed orally, TRUE OR FALSE
|
TRUE..only 12 can be given orally
|
