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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

A triangular cavity of the elbow that contains a tendon of the biceps, the median nerve, and the brachial artery?

Antecubital Fossa

This is the state of being free from disease-causing contaminants (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) or, preventing contact with microorganisms?

Asepsis

This is a large superficial vein of the upper limb that help drain parts of the hand and forearm?

Basic Vein

These are veins following the course of the brachial artery and joining with the basilic vein to form the axillary vein?

Brachial Vein

This is a flexible tube passed into the body to remove or instill fluids or to keep a passageway open?

Catheter

This is an umbrella term that includes a variety of catheters, cannulas, and infusion ports that allow intermittent or continuous central access to a blood vessel; a device usually inserted into the subclavian or jugular vein with the distal tip resting in the superior vena cava just above the right atrium and used for long-term intravenous therapy or parenteral nutrition?

Central Vascular Access Device

This is a superficial vein that arises from the radial side of the hand and winds anteriorly to pass along the anterior border of the brachioradialis muscle, ascends along the lateral border of the biceps muscle and the pectoral border of the deltoid muscle, and finally opens into the axillary vein?

Cephalic Vein

This is known as a plasma expander; protein-containing fluid infused intravenously to help restore circulating blood volume?

Colloid Solution

The farthest from the origin of a part is called what?

Distal

Known as a blood clot or bolus of air developed in or introduced into a blood vessel that moves from its place of origin and is capable of obstructing blood flow?

Embolus

This standard of measurement used to quantify a lumen’s size, with lower numbers reflecting larger catheters and vice versa?

Gauge

This is a parenteral anticoagulant?

Heparin

This noncoring device is used to access an implanted port?

Huber Needle

This catheter whose end is attached to a small chamber placed in a subcutaneous pocket (instead of exiting from the skin), either on the anterior chest wall or on the forearm?

Implanted Port

This meaning any of a number of types of access devices that are surgically affixed underneath the skin?

Implanted Vascular Device

This lack of harmonious coexistence; used to refer to two or more medications or solutions that cannot be given simultaneously or mixed without changing the effects of each other or causing any new responses not seen with any of the drugs or solutions administered alone?

Incompatibility

This is a slow, intentional introduction of fluid into a vein?

Infusion

This large vein that returns blood to the heart from the head and neck, with two on each side of the neck (and external and an internal jugular vein)?

Jugular Vein

This is a cavity or bore of a tubular organ or part?

Lumen

This is pertaining to or situated toward the midline?

Medial

Midline Catheter

This is referring to a device or system that can inject fluid without the use of a needle?

Needleless

This is an obstruction of a blood vessel by a means other than a blood clot?

Non-thrombotic Occlusion

This is an obstruction that impedes flow, such as a blood clot in a vein?

Occlusion

This is the state of being open or unobstructed?

Patency

This is a catheter used for long-term intravenous access and inserted in the basilic or cephalic vein just above or below the antecubital space with the tip of the catheter resting in the superior Vena Cava?

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter or (PICC)

This is known as inflammation of a vein?

Phlebitis

This is a rare complication of tunneled central venous catheters that occurs when the catheter is compressed between the first rib and the clavicle, causing an intermittent mechanical occlusion?

Pinch Off Syndrome

This is an accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space?

Pneumothorax

This is a deposit separated from a suspension or a solution and either falling to the bottom or floating on top?

Precipitate

This is nearest to the original of a part?

Proximal

This is a technique for administering a medication intravenously, involving first flushing with normal saline solution, injecting the medication, flushing with normal saline, then flushing with heparin solution?

SASH

This is the presence in blood or other tissues of pathogens or their toxins?

Sepsis

This is the vein that continues the axillary vein as the main venous stem of the upper limb, follows the subclavian artery, and joins with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein?

Subclavian Vein

This is one of the two veins bringing deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium of the heart?

Superior Vena Cava

These are deposits of fibrin and blood components, or clots, within and around the central line that interfere with flow?

Thrombotic Occlusion

This is a stationary blood clot within a blood vessel?

Thrombus

This is a nutritionally adequate hypertonic solution containing glucose, electrolytes, and other nutrients delivered through an intravenous catheter?

Total Parenteral Nutrition

This protective covering often used over intravenous insertion sites to allow easy visualization of the site for signs of inflammation?

Transparent Dressing

This intermittent push-stop-push technique of quickly injecting a small amount of flush solution, pausing, then injecting again and repeating until all the flush solution has been injected?

Turbulent Flushing

This is the forceful exhalation against a closed glottis, which increases intrathoracic pressure and thus interferes with the return of venous blood to the heart; performed with central line insertion to create a positive phase in central venous pressure, thus reducing the risk of air being drawn into the central circulation and creating an air embolus?

Valsalva Maneuver

This is a chemical that produces blisters?

Vesicant

What are some indications for a C.V.A.D?

A central line is indicated for patients who need:parenteral nutrition; chemotherapy; or other vesicant or irritating solutions. Blood products; antibiotics; IV medications; or solutions (when peripheral access is limited)central venous pressure monitoring.

In C.V. therapy, an access device is inserted with its tip in the what?

Superior or Inferior Vena Cava

The advantages of C.V. therapy include what?

Ability to rapidly infuse fluids, draw blood specimens, and measure C.V. pressure.

Which vein is most commonly used in C.V. therapy?

Subclavian

Nursing responsibilities when preparing a patient for C.V. therapy include?

Explaining the procedure and care measures of the therapy.

Which catheter would be most appropriate for pediatric patients?

Broviac Tunneled Catheter

When drawing a specimen, what amount of blood is discarded from an implanted port?

You should discard 5 ml before drawing the specimen.

What is the difference between a tunneled and a nontunneled catheter?
As the terminology indicates, it’s the tunneling. A tunneled catheter is inserted into a central vein and the remainder is tunneled subcutaneously to a distant exit site. Tunneling helps secure the catheter in place and reduces the incidence of infection. A nontunneled catheter is inserted directly into a central vein and is associated with a higher risk of infection. The location varies as well: A tunneled catheter is inserted in the chest; a nontunneled in either the chest or the neck. Also, a tunneled catheter is usually placed in a surgical or radiology suite while a nontunneled catheter can be inserted quickly at the bedside (making it a good choice in an emergency situation). Dwell times vary as well: A tunneled catheter may remain in place for several months to years while a nontunneled catheter usually has a dwell time of less than a month.
What is a noncoring needle? And what is it used for?
Think about the meaning of the word coring. When you core an apple, you remove the innermost portion of the apple (the core). Or, think of coring as a cookie-cutter action: The cookie cutter cores or cuts a shape from the rolled cookie dough. If you use a coring (standard) needle when you access an implanted port, you’d remove a “core” of silicone from the septum, resulting in leaking and an increased risk of infection. So instead, you use a noncoring (Huber) needle so that you can access the septum repeatedly without damage.
Why is positive pressure flushing important?
Positive pressure flushing prevents the aspiration of blood or solution into the lumen, which could occlude the catheter. Positive pressure flushing can be accomplished by:withdrawing the syringe from the injection cap as you flush the last 0.5 mL of flush solution into the cathetermaintaining pressure on the syringe plunger as you near the end of the flush, clamping the tubing between the catheter hub and the patient, then disconnecting the syringeusing a positive displacement device to do the work for you.
Why must I allow the alcohol or chlorhexidine to dry after prepping and before using the access cap?
Alcohol and chlorhexidine must dry completely to allow time to break down the lipoprotein wall of the pathogens and kill them. Do not blow on the site to hasten drying; this contaminates the site.
Why is saline flushing of a central line so crucial?
Flushing helps confirm the catheter’s patency, avoid drug incompatibilities, ensure that the entire drug dose is delivered, and prevent thrombus formation.
What is the difference between a peripheral IV line and a PICC?
A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is much longer than a peripheral line. A PICC is inserted in the upper arm but its tip goes past the shoulder and ends in the superior vena cava. For this reason, a chest x-ray is done to confirm proper placement. Also, a PICC has less risk of infiltration and phlebitis. It can stay in place for a year or more, as long as there are no complications with the insertion site or the catheter. The Infusion Nurses Society advises changing short [3/4 inch to 1¼ inch long] peripheral catheters every 72 hours and immediately when contamination or complications occur. PICCs are commonly used for parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, and any other intravenous therapies that must continue longer than 4 weeks.

What is the difference between a PICC and a midline catheter?

PICC is aspecial intravenous infusion catheter thatis put into one of the veins near the bendof the elbow or higher up in the arm. It isthen threaded to the largest vein in yourbody above your heart, called the VenaCava. A Midline catheter is similar to aPICC, but it is shorter in length and isthreaded into a large vein in your upperarm.

Does syringe size matter when flushing a CVAD?

Excessive pressure from the syringe you use to deliver therapy through a central line can rupture the catheter. Therefore, use only 10-mL or larger syringes and avoid excessive force when flushing the lines or administering medications. Flushing with larger syringes creates less pressure; smaller syringes create more pressure.

How often do you change a central line dressing?

The Infusion Nurses Society recommends changing gauze dressings every 48 hours and transparent dressings 3 to 7 days or whenever they are no longer intact.