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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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zolpidem (Ambien) |
Sedative-hypnotic (non-benzodiazeprine) may be taken for no more than 35 days Common hangover effect reported Monitor respirations May cause drowsiness, dizzy, confusion, irritably and confusion May be a good sedative for EEG studies and pre-op |
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phenytoin (Dilantin) NARROW INDEX ALERT!!! (10-20) MONITOR CBC |
Anticonvulsant/antidysrhythmic (class IB) Good for treating tonic-clonic seizures and grand-mal seizures only May cause ginig. hyperplasia, nystagmus and pink or brown urine, anorexia Strictly forbidden during preg. Adverse reactions include thrombocytopenia, hiritism, and blurred vision Monitor ECG while giving med by IV Avoid primrose, borage and ginko |
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methylphenidate(Ritalin) |
Cerebral stimulant: Amphetamine-like drug used to treat ADHD and Narcolepsy and is also classified as a schedule II controlled substance. SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS: common side effects include rash, dry mouth, dizzy and insomnia and tremors. Adverse reactions include tolerance, tachycardia and seizures CAUTION: Children taking this drug need to be monitored for weight, height and growth
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sumatriptan (Imitrex) |
antimigrane: and cluster migraines Pt should not have a HX of cardiac issues Monitor my pt for feeling faint, warm, tingling and numbness. Adverse reactions include HTN. hypotension, heart block and angina. Monitor my pt. ECG and signs of CAD Avoid chocolate, cheese, caffeine and citris
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levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) |
Antiparkinsonism agent
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pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
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Cholinergic, anticholinesterase (drug treatment for myasthenia Gravis) Able to cross BBB May be antidote for tricyclic antidepressants and opioids. Monitor my patient for GI disturbances and respiratory suppression
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cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) |
Skeletal muscle relaxant, central acting treats spasms give with food or milk monitor CBC and platelets
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fluphenazine (Prolixin) Calming agent |
Antipsychotic: (phenothiazine/piperazine) May cause pink/red brown urine dry mouth, photosensitive, drowsiness are side effects adverse reaction is extrapyramidal effects fatty accumulation may occur calms anixious and agitated pt may be combined with litium to treat pt with bipolar disorder quiets autistic children and agitated geriatrics with dementia also boosts pre-op analgesic effects can benefit cancer pt for pain , anxiety and nausua |
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Aripiprazole (Abilify) |
Atypical Antipsychotic: nonphenothiazine May act against the effects of lovadopa can cause encephalopathy with Litium(mood) May cause pink/brown urine and extrapyramidal effects Watch for weight gain, insomnia. neuro reactions and orthostatic hypotension Do NOT give to pt who are suicidal, heart fail, hypovolemic or agranulcytosis Monitor glucose urinary I&O |
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Lorazepam (Ativan) |
benzodiazepine, anti-anxiety agent May be used for pre-op sedation Avoid the herb KAVA KAVA Monitor respirations and skin rash May act as anticonvulsant may use IV form to treat emergent status elipticus May cause erectile dysfunction and urine incontinence maybe even orthostatic hypotension
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Fluoxetine (Prozac) MAJOR depressives |
Antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor AVIOD GRAPEFRUIT JUICE may cause sexual dysfunction Can help bulimic pt side effects of rash/puritis may cause mydirasis, blurred vision, insomnia and dry mouth ADVERSE REACTIONS: hyponatremia, seizure, bleeding dehydration suicidal ideation Counseling, support groups relaxation techniques could boost overall therapy
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lithium (Eskalith) NARROW INDEX ALERT!! (0.5-1.5) HIGH(1.5-2) TOXIC (2.0 AND UP) maintain adequate sodium intake!!!! |
mood stabilizer-ANTIMANIA DO NOT take with NSAIDs, thiazide and loop diuretics may cause memory loss and confusion serum level monitored biweekly then monthly tends to deplete sodium thurs diuretics need to be avoided Dry mouth, thrist and increased urination, weight gain, bloated and metallic tastes are some side effects do not take during pregnancy be sure and assess pt neuro status upon assessment, gait, LOC , reflexes and tremors assess renal function of 600 ml/day o/p AND BUN, CREATININE AND LIVER ENZYMES good. drug tox s/s: tinnitus, blurred vision ataxia and vomit, diarrhea at levels 1.5-2 2-3.5 INCLUDE AT 3.5 AND HIGHER LIFE THREATENING |
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Aspirin (ASA) |
Antiinflammatory: Salicyclates |
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ibuprofen (Advil) |
NSAID: propionic acid derivative |
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celecoxib (Celebrex) bleeding |
NSAID: COX-2 inhibitor osteoarthritis and RA only selective nsaid few reactions such as gi irriation avoid feverfew, garlic, ginger, clover and ginko monitor pt for s/s of BLEEDING AND MI monitor eyes and hearing for possible tox. taken with food to decrease GI upset avoiding taking during last trimester watch for liver tox: nausua, fatique, lethargy, itching jaundice RUQ tenderness and flu-like symptoms |
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infliximab (Remicade) |
Antiarthritis: tumor necrosis factor blocker RA and crohns obtain negative TB test first may take 12-24 hr to take effect monitor CBC, CREATININE, BUN WATCH FOR SUPERINFECTIONS! flush IV before and after with saline AVOID ALL LIVE VACCINES!!! |
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allopurinol (zyloprim) |
Antigout: uric acid biosynthesis inhibitor rash may occur evaluate renal function, serum uric acid, bun, creatinine, alp increase fluids, may cause abdominal pain, metallic taste alkaline urine desireable reduce sodium intake. sugars, calcium and void anticoagulants due to bleed risk |
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Acetaminophen (Tylenol) |
nonopioid Analgesic OD may cause extreme liver damage (5-20 mcg) short term use Monitor pt for oliguria, urticarial and elevated liver enzymes. Will not effect inflam. and platelet function does not cause gastric irritation Assess for hypoglycima would could indicate OD Asses pt for skin rash
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morphine (MS-Contin) |
Opioid Monitor for respiratory distress and gi function (bowels/constipation and urinary retention-expected output should be 600ml/day) may depress cough center in brain Monitor BP due to blood vessel dilation may help with diarrhea and relieve SOB Monitor my pt for drug tolerance Before administering IM or subq assess pt for chills, hypovolemia, and shock to avoid drug tox Increase fiber and use stool softener to prevent constipation
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nalbuphine (Nubain) |
opiod agonist-antagonist May cause resp. depression and constipation low risk for drug dependence avoid other depressants restlessness could indicate hypoxia Keep NARCAN nearby |
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naloxone ( Narcan) |
opioid antagonist (treats opioid OD) |
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amitriptyline (Elvavil) less expensive CARDIOTOXCITY CAN OCCUR!! drug index should be 100-200 |
Tricyclic antidepressants improvement 2-4 weeks highly sedative may be combined with litium for depression AND type I bipolar disorder can prevent headaches can cause tachycardia, urinary retention, constipation and drymouth and blood dyscrasis (monitor blood count) |
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Amphetamines |
Are used to to treat narcolepsy and in some cases ADHD when amphetamine-like drugs are ineffective . May cause euphoria, alertness, sleeplessness, restlessness, tremors, irritability and cardio problems. (Adderall) Once prescribed as an anorexiant but was highly abused
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