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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens when a cell is stimulated? |
Positive ions will flow into the cell making the charge less negative creating the action potential. |
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What is the absolute refectory period? |
Time it takes for the action potential to fire again. |
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State the all or none law. |
Either the neurone fires or it doesn't fire. No half firing happens. |
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How do two neurons communicate? |
The synaptic cleft is between the terminal buttons of the pre-synaptic neuron and dendrites of the post-synaptic neurone. |
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What do neruotransmittors do? |
Chemicals that carry the signal(info) from pre-synaptic or post-synaptic neuron. |
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How are neurotransmittors used? |
The chemicals are released when the vessels carrying them fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane and spill into the cleft across the membrane of the post-synaptic neuron. |
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What are the two types of messages that are sent? |
Excitatory- increases the likelihood of the action potential firing again. Inhibitory- decrease the likelihood of the action potential firing again. |
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What are agonists in regards to neurotransmitters? |
They mimic the actions of the neurotransmitters. |
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And what are antagonists? |
They inhibit the actions of the neurotransmitters. |
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What is the peripheral nervous system? |
The regions outside of the brain skull and spine. |
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What is the somatic system? |
Nerves that connect the sensory receptors and skeletal muscles. |
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What is the autonomic system? |
Nerves that connect the inner glands i.e unconscious regulations. |
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What are afferent nerves? |
Nerves that carry sensory info to the CNS |
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What are efferent nerves? |
Nerves that carry the CNS to the muscles/glands. |
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What is the sympathetic system? |
Getting the body ready for emergencies(fight/flight). |
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What is the parasympathetic system? |
Conservation of bodily resources for a relaxed state. |
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What is the central nervous system? |
The brain and the spine. |
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What consists of the hindbrain? |
The cerebellum,medulla and the pons. |
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What is the medulla? |
In charge of unconscious regulations. |
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What are the pons? |
Connect the brainstem and the cerebellum. regulate sleep. |
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What is the cerebellum? |
Located at the back of them brainstem and controls coordination and balance. |
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What consists of the forebrain? |
The thalamus,hypothalamus and limbic system. |
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What is the thalamus? |
The relay station for sensory input . |
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What is the hypothalamus? |
Regulates the 4 F's; fight,fleeing,feed,mating. |
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What is the limbic system? |
Structure that regulates emotion, behaviour and memory. |
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What is the brainstem? |
Controls automatic behaviours. |
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What does the cerebral cortex consist of? |
Fissures,gyri and sulci |
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Which lobe consists of the primary visual cortex? |
The occipital lobe. |
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Which lobe consists of the primary auditory cortex? |
The temporal lobe. |
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How do the two hemispheres communicate? |
By the corpus callosum. |
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What voltage is the action potential at when resting
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-70 millivolts. |
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What voltage is the action potential at when charged? |
+50 millivolts. |
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What is the threshold of excitation? |
The threshold at which the action potential must pass to be able to fire (-65 millivolts). |
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What is re-uptake? |
The process of neurotransmittor reabsorption from the cleft into the pre-synaptic neuron. |
