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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Glycolysis |
breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvates and 2 ATP Occur in the cytoplasm. no oxygen needed. |
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Pyruvate Oxidation |
2 pyruvates converted into 2 Acetyl CoA. Occur per pyruvate in the mitochondria. produces CO2 and 2 NADH |
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Citric Acid Cycle |
Turns 1 per Acetyl Co A. (turns twice) production of 2 ATP. Production of 4 CO2 and bunch of NADH and FADH2. Occur in the matrix of mitochondrion |
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Electron Transport Chain (ETC) |
NADH and FADH2 are convereted/ oxidazed to NAD+ and FAD. Producing 32 to34 ATP. Occur in the cristae of mitochondria. |
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Chemiosomosis |
H+ is pump out. ATP is created with enzyme protein ATP synthases putting together ADP+Phosphate. Occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria. |
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Cellular Respiration |
breakdown of organic molecules by photosynthesizers in the production of ATP. uses both Aerobic and Anaerobic. consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide is aerobic process |
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Cellular Respiration Equation What is oxidized and reduced? |
C6H12O6+6 O2→6 CO2+6 H2O +Energy (ATP +heat) C6H12O6 oxidized to 6 CO2 6 O2 reduced to 6 H2O |
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Aerobic Respiration |
take place inside the mitochondria require oxygen final acceptor of electrons |
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Anaerobic Respiration |
organic molecules consume compounds (CO2) no oxygen involves |
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NAD+ |
coenzyme of oxidation-reduction (redox) oxidized when it gives up electron (NAD+) reduced when it accepts electrons (NADH) |
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FAD |
Redox Coenzyme Accepts 2 electrons and 2 H+ to become FADH2 |
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4 Phases of Cellular Respiration GPCE |
Glycolysis (Anaerobic) Pyruvate Oxidation (Aerobic) Citric Acid Cycle (Aerobic) Electron Transport Chain (Aerobic) |
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Oxidative Phosphorylation |
releasing of electrons by oxidizing NADH and FADH2 to the electron transport chain for chemiosmosis Starts ATP synthesis (sends H+out) |
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Glucose metabolism is only 34% efficient and the rest of energy is lost as heat |
Glucose is about 686 Kcal and te energy yield of 36 ATP is about 263 Kcal. |
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Exergonic Reaction |
Reaction where there is a breakdown of organic molecules and releases heat |
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Fermentation |
cell produce ATP without oxygen glycolysis plus reactions that regenerate NAD+ 2 types: Alcohol and Lactic Acid |
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Alcohol Fermentation |
pyruvate converted to ethanol CO2 is release used of yeast Glycolysis--> 2Pyruvate--> Ethanol |
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Lactic Acid Fermentation |
pyruvate is reduced by NADH to for Lactase no CO2 release Human muscle is oxygen scare as it generate ATP. Glycolysis--> 2 Pyruvate--> 2 Lactate |
