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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gametes
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reproductive cell (egg or sperm)
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Binary Fission
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asexual reproductive system that splits the parent cell into two equal parts
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Gene
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A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
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Chromosomes
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A threadlike linear strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of DNA.
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Chromatids
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one of the usually paired and parallel strands of a duplicated chromosome joined by a single centromere
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Centromere
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the point or region on a chromosome to which the spindle attaches during mitosis and meiosis
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Homologous Chromosomes
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chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structured, and that pair during meisosis
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Diploid
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cells which have two homologous copies of each chromosome
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Haploid
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the number of chromosomes in a gamete of an individual
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Zygote
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a fertilized egg
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Autosomes
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Is a "normal"chromosome (no sex chromosome or allosome) one of the 22 that every human has
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Sex Chromosomes
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the chromosomes (X & Y) which tell you whether you are female or male.
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karyotype
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describe the number of chromosomes, and what they look like under a light microscope.
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cell cycle
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An ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell
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Interphase
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the period in the cell cycle where the cell does not divide
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Mitosis
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A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells usually divided into five stages
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Cytokinesis
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The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II.
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Cancer
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a serious disease caused by cells that are not normal and that can spread to one or many parts of the body
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Spindles
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a fusiform cell (as in some tumors)
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