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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Light microscope
Uses wave length of light to examine thin section of tissue
Electron light microscope
Look at detailed structures inside cell
Fixation
(e.g. formalin)
Fixes tissue in state it was in when it was removed
Stops enzymes
Eosinophilic
- stains pink
Basophilic
- stains blue/purple
Connective tissue
Classification
Embryonic connective tissue
Connective tissue proper
Cartilage
Bone
Blood and lymph
Haemopoeitic tissue
Connective tissue
Composition
Composed of cells and extracellular (intercellular) material
Extracellular material
Amorphous
(shapeless – ground substance)
Fluid (blood, lymph)
Jelly-like (vitreous humour)
Solid (cartilage, bone)
Collagen fibers
Strong, flexible
White fibrous tissue
Eosinophilic in H&E
Mostly type I collagen, but variation in specialized tissues
Reticular fibers
Fine network
Poorly stained in H &E
Black in reticulin stain
Composed of varying combinations of collagen and extracellular glycoprotiens
Connective tissue proper
Functions
Support
Protection
Connection within locomotors system
Holds tissue together
Energy storage
Type of connective tissue
loose
(higher ratio of cells to fibers)
Type of connective tissue
Adipose
(many fat cells)
Type of connective tissue
Dense
(lower ratio of cells to fibers)
Irregularly arranged
Regularly arranged
Mesenchymal cells
In embryonic tissues
Stellate (star shaped)- many cytoplasmic processes
Oval/round nucleus
Fibroblasts
Stellate or spindle shaped
Ovoid nucleus
Abundant basophilic cytoplasm
Synthesizes and secretes collagen and other extracellular matrix components
Differentiates into fibrocyte
Very active in protein synthesis and secretion
Macrophage
Large cell
Derived from blood monocyte
Phagocytic cell
Produces lysosomal proteases (protein degrading enzymes), cytokines, prostaglandins (substances that mediate inflammatory reactions)
Fat cells (adipocytes)
Accumulate fat droplets in cytoplasm
Fat droplets coalesce to form single large fat droplet, displacing nucleus to side of cell
Energy storage, insulation and protection
Mast cell
Scattered n low numbers in most connective tissues (often found close to blood vessels)
Cytoplasm filled with granules containing heparin (anticoagulant), histamine (increased blood vessel permeability), serotonin (vasoconstrictor) and proteases
Degranulates when tissue damaged
Plasma cell
B-lymphocyte actively producing antibody
Eccentrically placed round nucleus with chromatin radially arranged
Abundant basophilic cytoplasm
Negative image (Golgi apparatus) prominent
Melanocyte
Pigment cell
adipocyte
mesencymal cell
fibroblast
fibrocyte
macrophage
mast cell
plasma cell