Cells To Body Systems Vocabulary

Front 1

microscopic

Back 1

too small to be seen without using a microscope

Front 2

cell

Back 2

the basic unit of structure and function of living things

Front 3

organism

Back 3

any living thing that maintains vital life processes

Front 4

nucleus

Back 4

the part of a cell that directs all of the cell's activities

Front 5

cytoplasm

Back 5

the jellylike material inside a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Front 6

bacteria

Back 6

single cell organs surrounded by cell walls

Front 7

protist

Back 7

a single celled organism with a nucleus and organelles

Front 8

tissue

Back 8

a group of cells that work together to perform a certain function

Front 9

organ

Back 9

a group of tissues that work together to perform a certain function

Front 10

organ system

Back 10

a group of organs that work together to do a job for the body

Front 11

digestive system

Back 11

the organ system that turns food into nutrients that body cells need for energy, growth and repair

Front 12

circulatory system

Back 12

the organ system----made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood--that transports materials throughout the body

Front 13

respiratory system

Back 13

the organ system, including the lungs, that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment

Front 14

skeletal system

Back 14

the organ system, including the bones, that protects the body and gives it sturcture

Front 15

muscular system

Back 15

the organ system that includes the muscles and allows the body to move

Front 16

nervous system

Back 16

the organ system---including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves----that senses your surroundings and controls the other organs

Front 17

excretory system

Back 17

the organ system---including the kidneys and bladder, that removes waste materials from the blood

Front 18

How do cells keep organisms alive and healthy?

Back 18

cells work with other cells to form tissues, tissues work together in organs to keep us healthy

Front 19

What are the purposes of the cell membrane?

Back 19

-protects the cell
-holds its contents together
-controls what goes in and out of the cell

Front 20

What structures are present in both plant and animal cells?

Back 20

-nucleus
-chromosomes
-cell membrane
-mitochondrion
-cytoplasm

Front 21

What structures in the plant cell are NOT seen in the animal cell?

Back 21

-chloroplast
-cell wall

Front 22

How do the vesicles in the animal cell compare to the vacuole in the plant cell?

Back 22

both store nutrients, water or waste, vesicles are smaller

Front 23

What are bacteria?

Back 23

single cell organs surrounded by cell walls

Front 24

How are bacteria helpful?

Back 24

-enrich the soil by breaking down dead plants and animals
-help animals digest
-help make food, such as cheese and yogurt

Front 25

How do bacteria cells differ from plant and animal cells?

Back 25

they have no nucleus or membrane -bound organelles

Front 26

What are the four kinds of tissue in your body?

Back 26

-epithelial
-muscle
-connective
-nervous

Front 27

How are muscle tissue and connective tissue alike? How are they different?

Back 27

both help your body move, muscle tissue is made of muscle and connective tissues is the bones and cartilage of your skeleton

Front 28

What is the path that food takes through the body?

Back 28

1-mouth
2-esophagus
3-stomach
4-small intestine
5-pancreas and gallbladder

Front 29

How do the nutrients from food move from the intestine to the body's cells?

Back 29

nutrients move form the small intestines int the blood vessels of the villi

Front 30

How are villi like the roots of a plant? How are they different?

Back 30

villi are fingers that have many blood vessels just like roods.

Front 31

What role do the stomach, the pancreas, and the gallbladder have in common?

Back 31

the each secret chemicals tha help break down food

Front 32

How are cells like systems? How are they different?

Back 32

cells are like systems because they have their own little work process

Front 33

Name the four main parts of blood?

Back 33

-plasma
--red blood cells
-white blood cells
-platelets

Front 34

Name three types of blood vessels:

Back 34

red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets

Front 35

How does blood flow from the lungs through the body?

Back 35

It gets pumped by the heart

Front 36

What are the tubes that branch from the trachea?

Back 36

bronchi

Front 37

Where in the lungs does gas exchange occur?

Back 37

Alveoli and blood in the capillaries

Front 38

How does oxygen get from the air into your blood?

Back 38

You inhale it

Front 39

What structures carry oxygen -POOR blood form the heart to the lungs?

Back 39

pulmonary arteries

Front 40

What structures carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart?

Back 40

pulmonary veins

Front 41

What does the skeletal system include?

Back 41

-bones-
-cartilage
-ligaments

Front 42

cartilage

Back 42

spongy connective tissue that cushions the ends of many bones

Front 43

ligaments

Back 43

bands of connective tissue that hold bones toghether

Front 44

What are the purposes of the skeletal and muscular systems>

Back 44

- they work together to give your body its form and protect many of your organs

Front 45

Where are blood cells produced?

Back 45

Inside your larges bones

Front 46

tendon

Back 46

connects bones to muscles

Front 47

Name the three types of muscle:

Back 47

skeleton muscle
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle

Front 48

What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?

Back 48

voluntary you CAN control
involuntary you can NOT control

Front 49

How do opposing muscles cause movement at a joint?

Back 49

They bend and flex

Front 50

What are the purposes of your nervous system?

Back 50

enables you to sense your environment and to react to it

Front 51

What are the two parts of the nervous system? What are they made up of?

Back 51

1-central nervous system-made up of brain & spinal chord
2-peripheral nervous system-made up ofsensory organs

Front 52

What is the sequence of events in a reflex?

Back 52

Nerves signal travels to spinal chord, then to brain

Front 53

What do the kidneys do?

Back 53

the kidneys filter liquid wastes from the blood and help remove them from the blodd

Front 54

How is ammonia removed from the body?

Back 54

it is carried by blood plasma to the liver, the liver converts ammonia into urea, which travels through the blood to the kidneys, the result is urine, when the bladder is full, urine is eliminated from the body.