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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Phospholipid bilayer |
Another name for the cell membrane which is made up of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. |
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Visceral muscle fiber |
Another name for smooth muscle fiber |
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Cardiac muscle fibers |
Striated, involuntary, and contain intercalated discs. |
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Epithelial tissue |
Tissue that forms membranes |
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Types of connective tissue |
Dense regular, dense irregular, lose, adipose, cartilage, bone, blood |
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Cytoplasm |
Material enclosed by a cell membrane |
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Reticular fibers |
Delicate connective tissue fibers |
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Matrix |
In Connective tissue, the extracellular matrix is composed of ground substance and fibers. |
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Collagen |
Protein fiber characterized by a tough, dense structure |
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Cytosol |
The liquid part of cytoplasm |
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Anatomy |
Scientific study of the structures of the body and the relationship of its parts |
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Organelles |
The "little organs" inside the cell which are responsible for various functions |
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Lysosome |
Cell organelle that is part of the intracellular digestive system. Responsible for breaking down waste products. |
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Lysosome |
Cell organelle that is part of the intracellular digestive system. Responsible for breaking down waste products. |
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Cytoskeleton |
Small filaments found in a cell that acts as an intracellular support system. |
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Microvilli |
Small projections of the cell membrane that increase the surface area of the cell. |
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Microvilli |
Small projections of the cell membrane that increase the surface area of the cell. |
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Cells |
The basic units of life. Also the smallest structure that maintains all 13 characteristics of life. |
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Ground substance |
Gel like substance surrounding cells |
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Ground substance |
Gel like substance surrounding cells |
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Inorganic compounds |
Compounds that do not contain carbon or hydrogen. |
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Ground substance |
Gel like substance surrounding cells |
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Inorganic compounds |
Compounds that do not contain carbon or hydrogen. |
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Proteins |
Substances formed into amino acids. |
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Carbohydrates |
Sugars, starches, and cellulose composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
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Lipids |
Fats Organic compounds that have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Adams but in a different proportion and that of carbohydrates. |
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Organic compounds |
Substances that have carbon and hydrogen as part of their base structure. |
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Pinocytosis |
A type of vesicular transport in which liquids are taken into the cell. "Sell drinking" |
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Phagocytosis |
A type of the vesicular transport were solid substances are taken into a cell. "Cell eating"
Macrophages dispose of damaged cells and particles by ingesting and digesting them. |
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Membranes |
Epithelial tissues that line body parts and cavities. The three types our serous, mucus and cutaneous. |
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Connective tissue |
The most abundant type of tissue in the body. Blood, bone, fat, fascia and cartilage. |
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Levels of organization |
Chemical Organelle Cellular Tissue Organ System Organism |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
A network of interconnected tubes, flattened sacks and channels distributed throughout the cytoplasm. |
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Golgi apparatus |
Processes and packages proteins and some carbohydrates for distribution to other parts of the cell for secretion from the cell. |
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Lysosomes |
Contain enzymes that function as the digestive system of the cell. These enzymes are enclosed in a membrane is to keep them from breaking down the cell itself. |
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DNA |
The genetic material of the body. |
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Physiology |
The study of the functions of the body that support life. |
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Atrophy |
Decrease in the size of a cell or a body part. |
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Adenosine triphosphate ATP |
The body's energy molecule. It is produced by the mitochondria and stores energy in the muscles. When ATP is broken down during catabolic reactions it releases energy. |
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Characteristics of life |
Maintenance of boundaries Respiration Digestion Absorption Movement Secretion Excretion Reproduction Conductivity Circulation Responsiveness Growth Metabolism |
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Mitochondria |
Largest and most numerous of the organelles. They produce ATP which provides energy for the cell. |
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Peroxisomes |
Similar to lysosomes except that they help to detoxify the sale of substances such as alcohol and hydrogen peroxide. |
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Ribosomes |
Sites where are amino acids are combined to create various proteins. Often the most numerous organelle. |
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Passive transport |
The movement of substances into and out of the cell without using energy. |
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Thixotrophy |
A property of connective tissue whereby the ground substance will go from solid-like to gel-like under proper stimulation. |
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Piezoelectricity |
Electricity resulting from pressure; a characteristic of connective tissue ribeye and electric current results for mechanical stress. |
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Active transport |
The movement of substances into and out of the body. Requires energy in the form of ATP to create ion pumps. |
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Skeletal muscle fibers |
Voluntary, striated and multi nucleated muscle cells. |
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Hypertrophy |
Increase in size or number of cells. |
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Elastic fibers |
Protein fibers characterized by their ability to stretch and recoil to resume the original shape. |
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Nucleolus |
Located inside the nucleus contains RNA structures that form ribosomes. |
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Nucleus |
Controls the daily activities of the cell and all cellular reproduction. It contains the chromosomes (threads of DNA). |
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Metabolism |
The sum total of all chemical reactions in the body. |
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Anabolism |
Chemical reactions that use energy to build complex compounds like proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. |
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Catabolism |
Chemical reactions that release energy by breaking down complex substances. |
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Homeostasis |
Maintenance of a relatively constant state of internal body environment. |
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Exocytosis |
Vesicular transport. Removal of substances from a cell. |
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Osmosis |
The diffusion of water; movement of water from a low solution concentration to a high solution concentration. |
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Diffusion |
A type of passive transport; movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |