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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleus (term, and job)
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The nucleus of cells contain pairs of chromosomes- they carry the genetic code, which tells the organism how it works.
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Why Are the Chromosomes in pairs?
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they are in pairs because an organism gets a set of chromosomes from each parent.
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What are genes/chromosomes made up of?
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They are made up of DNA
*DNA is a long complex molecule that forms a double helix (like a twisted ladder) |
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what is mitosis?
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*Cell division for growth
*It provides 2 daughter cells(identical to parent) *Happens all over the body |
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What is Meiosis?
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Cell division for Sexual Reproduction.
It produces 4 daughter cells (identical to the parent) The daughter cells only have ha;f the number of chromosomes produces eggs and sperm/gametes(in ovaries and testes) Two Separations. 1st- pairs seperate 2nd- doubled chromosomes seperate. |
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List the order of Meiosis (One Cell- 2 pairs of chromosomes)
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1) Chromosomes Double
2) Chromosome pairs line up 3) Pairs Separate 4) Doubled Chromosomes line up 5) Doubled Chromosomes Pull Apart = 4 daughter Cells, 2 Chromosomes each. |
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What is Asexual Reproduction?
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Asexual reproduction is just one parent produces offspring, the offspring are usually identical to the parent.
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What are the advantages of Asexual reproduction?
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*It happens fast
*no need to waste energy finding a mate. |
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What are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
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*large numbers of gametes will be produced, almost none of which will be fertilized.
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What is the path of sperm?
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testes - Sperm duct - Seminal Vesicle/Prostate Gland - Vas Deferens - Penis - Urethra Opening - Vagina -Cervix - Uterus - Oviduct/Fallopian Tube - Where Sexual reproduction Takes place.
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Why are the testes held outside of the body?
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its a cooler temperature, inside the body would be too hot for sperm to survive.
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What do testicles produce?
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Sperm and the Male hormone Testosterone.
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what Stores the sperm?
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The Epididymus.
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What is the job of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicle?
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to provide the liquid the liquid part of the semen -Sperm need to be in liquid to stop drying out and to swim!
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What Causes an erection?
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The erectile tissue, it fills with blood when a male is sexually aroused.
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What happens when a male ejaculates?
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The sperm travels from the testes, to the epididymus, up the vas deferens and out the urethra.
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What Produces the eggs in the female reproductive system?
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The Ovaries. They produce (ripen) the eggs, eggs are released once a month between the ages of 13 and 50(approx)
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What does the oviduct/Fallopian tube do?
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it carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus. this is where fertilization occurs, where the egg and sperm meet.
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What does the uterus do?
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The uterus/womb has a thick lining of blood that a fertilized egg(zygote) burrows into(implants) and grows. If there is no fertilized egg, then a new lining is made monthly.
the uterus contracts during labour, to open the cervix to allow for the birth of the baby. |
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what is the cervix?
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the cervix is a tight ring of muscle at the neck of the womb. it helps hold the developing baby in the uterus.
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What is the Vagina?
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The vagina is a tube connecting the uterus to the outside. It is a safe moist place for sperm to be deposited.
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What hormones do the ovaries release?
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Estrogen and Progesterone
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What is fertilization?
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It is when the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg.
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zygote -> Embryo -> ?
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Foetus(12 weeks)
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How long can sperm live for?
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3 days
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when does implantation occur?
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implantation occurs when the fertilized egg(zygote) burrows into the uterine lining. the lining will provide life support until the placenta and umbilical cord form.
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Definition of Gestation.
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The process or period of developing inside the womb between conception and birth.
The period for humans is 9 months/40 weeks. |
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what is the placenta?
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the placenta is the life support system for the baby.
it is connected to the baby by the umbilical cord. It allows the babys blood to be in close contact with the mothers blood, but not mix. |
