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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of Cell Theory? |
1. All living organisms are composed of 1+ cells 2. The cell is the basic unit of life 3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells |
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What is the difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin? |
1. Hetero = Darker, condensed, transcriptionally inactive 2. Euchromatin - Lighter, diffuse, transcriptionally active for RNA synthesis |
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What organelle is responsible for rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly? |
The nucleolus |
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How are proteins packaged? |
1. RER synthesizes proteins. 2. Proteins synthesized by free ribes remain in the cytoplasm 3. --> RER lumen to transport vesicles in Golgi (modified) 4. Proteins --> Secretory vesciles which move through the cytoplasm 5. Secretory vesicle membranes fuse with the plasma membrane for exocytosis. |
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What are the cytoplasmic proteins? |
1. F-actin microfilaments 2. Intermediate filaments 3. Microtubules |
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What are microfilaments associated with? |
They are involved in formation of cell junctions, cell shape, and cytokinesis. Import for muscle contraction, material transport, phagocytosis, and cell migration |
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What structures are composed of microfilaments? |
Villi and cilia |
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What are intermediate filaments associated with? |
Support and junctions |
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What are intermediate filaments regulated by |
Phosphorylation, keratin tonofilaments, GFAP |
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What are microtubules associated with? |
Centrioles, basal bodies, and axonemes |
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What are microtubules important for? |
Material transport and mitosis/meiosis |
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What organelle produces ATP in the cell? |
Mitochondria |
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What is mitochondria associated with? |
1. Electron microscopy/special stains 2. Apoptosis, steroidogenesis, thermogenesis |
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Give 5 examples of inclusions: |
1. Glycogen 2. Melanin 3. Fat droplets 4. Lipofuscin 5. Hemosiderin |
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Glycogen
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Stores glucose for energy in the liver and muscles |
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The wear-and-tear inclusion
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Lipofuscin |
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What is the function of fat droplets? |
Energy, cushion, and heat |
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What regulates melanin? |
Tyrosine and tyrosinase |
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Enzyme that breaks down red blood cells |
Hemosiderin |
