Cells

Front 1

Epidermal Kartinocyte Cell

Back 1

Most common skin cell on surface of body; they die and protect from infection.

Front 2

Epidermal Basal Cell

Back 2

Skin cell at base of the epidermis. Creates new skin cells to renew the epidermis.

Front 3

Keratinocyte Cell

Back 3

Fingernails and toenails.

Front 4

Nail Bed BasalCell

Back 4

Cells directly under the fingernail or toe nail.

Front 5

Medullary Hair Shaft Cell

Back 5

The cells inside a hair shaft

Front 6

Cortical Hair Shaft Cell

Back 6

The outer region of hair.

Front 7

Cuticular Hair Shaft Cell

Back 7

The nonliving outmost layer

Front 8

Hair Root Sheath Huxley Cell

Back 8

An inner layer of hair

Front 9

Hair Root Sheath Henie Cell

Back 9

An inner layer of hair

Front 10

Exterior Hair Root Sheath Cell

Back 10

An out layer of hair.

Front 11

Hair Matrix Cell

Back 11

A stem cell that gives rise to their hair shaft

Front 12

Surface Epithelial Cell

Back 12

• Wet Stratified Barrier Epithial Cells
• (Epithelial Cells are Tissue on Surfaces Such As Glands)
• In cornea, tongue, anus, urethra, & vagina

Front 13

Basal Cell Stem Epithelial

Back 13

• Wet Stratified Barrier Epithial Cells
• (Epithelial Cells are Tissue on Surfaces Such As Glands)
• In cornea, tongue, anus, urethra, & vagina

Front 14

Urinary Epithelial Cell

Back 14

• Wet Stratified Barrier Epithial Cells
• (Epithelial Cells are Tissue on Surfaces Such As Glands)
• Urinary bladder & urinary ducts.

Front 15

Salivary Mucous Cell

Back 15

• Used for moistening and lubrication of saliva.
• Exocrine Secretory Epithial Cells (Surface Cells That Excrete A Substance)

Front 16

Salivary Serous Cells

Back 16

Contains enzymes used for digesting carbohydrates

Front 17

Von Ebner's Gland Cell

Back 17

Gland on tongue that provides constant flow on taste buds to cleanse

Front 18

Mammary Gland Cell

Back 18

Producing milk for young

Front 19

Lacrimal Gland Cell

Back 19

Tear secretion

Front 20

Ceruminous Gland Cell

Back 20

Ear wax secretion

Front 21

Eccrine Sweat Gland (Dark)

Back 21

Secretes glyocoproteins in sweat

Front 22

Eccrine Sweat Gland (Clear)

Back 22

Secretes small molecules in sweat

Front 23

Apocrine Sweat Gland

Back 23

Glands under arms, a different sweat, higher in proteins & fatty acids.

Front 24

Gland of Moll Cell

Back 24

• In eyelid
• Secretes a lipid to slow down vaporization of tears.

Front 25

Sebaceous Gland Cell

Back 25

Skin cell that secretes sebum to protect & lubricate skin.

Front 26

Bowman's Gland Cell

Back 26

Secrete mucus to clean & lubricate inside of nose.

Front 27

Brunner's Gland Cell

Back 27

Secrete mucus to clean & lubricate inside of duodenum.

Front 28

Seminal Vesicle Cell

Back 28

Produces liquids that help make up semen.

Front 29

Prostate Gland Cell

Back 29

Produces liquids that help make up semen.

Front 30

Cowper's Gland

Back 30

Produces pre-ejaculate to flush urine, neutralize acids, & lubricate urethra.

Front 31

Bartholin Gland Cell

Back 31

Produces lubrication for the vagina

Front 32

Gland of Littre Cell

Back 32

Gland in urethra that produces mucus & adds to semen.

Front 33

Uterus Endometrium Cell

Back 33

Inner membranes of uterus; essential for pregnancy, the placenta & menstrual cycle.

Front 34

Isolated Goblet Cells

Back 34

Goblet shaped in respiratory & digestive tracts; secretes mucous for lubrication.

Front 35

Stomach Lining Mucous Cell

Back 35

Secretes unique mucous to protect stomach from digestive liquids (highly acidic).

Front 36

Gastric Gland Oxynetic Cell

Back 36

Produce Hydrochloric acid for digestion; also called parietal cells

Front 37

Gastric Gland Zymogenic Cell

Back 37

In stomach releases enzyme that degrades proteins to peptides (amino acid strings).

Front 38

Pancreatic Acinar Cell

Back 38

Produces bicarbonate; maintains body's ph balance and makes digestive enzymes

Front 39

Paneth Cell in Small Intestine:

Back 39

Immune system; When exposed to bacteria, secretes molecules to protect small intestine.

Front 40

Pneumocyte

Back 40

They wet the alveoli of the lungs to protect and increase respiration efficiency.

Front 41

Clara Cells

Back 41

Protect lungs; they secretes variety of liquids to detoxify substances inhaled.

Front 42

Lactotropes

Back 42

Produce & secretes hormones for breast milk, motor activity, sleep, & learning.

• are in anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (which is the size of a pea)

Front 43

Thyrotropes

Back 43

Produces & secretes hormones to regulate the thyroid gland.

• are in anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (which is the size of a pea)

Front 44

Gonadotropes

Back 44

Produces and secretes hormones to produce sperm in men and eggs in women.

• are in anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (which is the size of a pea)

Front 45

Corticotropes

Back 45

Produces & secretes hormones, controls appetite, sexual arousal, hair & skin.

• are in anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (which is the size of a pea)

Front 46

Intermediate Pituitary Cells

Back 46

Produces and secretes hormones to control melanin.

• are in anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (which is the size of a pea)

Front 47

Magnocellullar neurosecretory

Back 47

• In hypothalamus; cell producing oxytocin (the "hormone of love.")
• In hypothalamus; cell producing vasopressin (hormone increase water reabsorption in the kidneys)

Front 48

Somatotropes

Back 48

Secretes hormones that regulate growth.

Front 49

Gut & Respiratory Tract Cell

Back 49

• Somatostatin secreting cell; inhibits the actions of growth hormones.
• Serotnin secreting cell; a neurotransmitter that modulates anger, sleep &sexuality.
• Endorphin secreting cell, chemical released during exercise to give pleasure.
• Gastrin secreting cell; stimulates release of gastric acid for digestion
• Secretin secreting cell; secrets a base in order to regulate the pH against acids.
• Cholecystikinin secreting cell; produces a hormone to digest fats and proteins.
• Insulin secreting cell; a hormone which takes glucose from blood for energy.
• Bombesin secreting cell; produces negative feedback to stop eating.
• Glucagon secreting cell; metabolizes carbohydrates; produced by the pancreas.

Front 50

Thyroid Epithal Cell

Back 50

Secretes hormones, one of which regulates the rate of metabolism.

Front 51

Thyroid Parafollicular Cell

Back 51

Secretes hormone that reduces calcium (to regulate it).

Front 52

Parathyroid Chief Cell

Back 52

Secretes hormones that increases calcium (to regulate it).

Front 53

Parathyroid Oxyphil Cell

Back 53

Appear at onset of puberty, but no known function.

Front 54

Adrenal Gland Chromaffin Cell

Back 54

Secretes hormones into blood that affects fight or flight resonse.

Front 55

Adrenal Gland Steroid Secret Cell

Back 55

Secretes hormones to regulate salt & water balance.

Front 56

Leydig Cell

Back 56

Secretes Testosterone From Testes

Front 57

Theca Internal Cell

Back 57

In ovary, secretes estrogen.

Front 58

Corpus Luteum Cell

Back 58

Cells in follicles that secrete progesterone after follicle is released.

Front 59

Granulosa Lutein Cells

Back 59

Cell that becomes corpus luteum if follicle is fertilized. sustains the pregnancy.

Front 60

Theca Luetein cells

Back 60

Cells that release estrogen & androgens when follicle is released.

Front 61

Juxtaglomerular Cell

Back 61

In kidney release hormone that regulates the kidney's functions.

Front 62

Macula Densa Cell of kidney

Back 62

Releases lipids to trigger juxtamerular cells to release hormones.

Front 63

Extraglomerlar Cells of Kidney

Back 63

Controls blood pressure in kidneys & renal system.

Front 64

Intraglomuerlar Cells of Kidney

Back 64

Performs filtration, structural support, & food storage in kidneys.

Front 65

Hepatocyte Cell

Back 65

In liver, protein synthesis, protein storage, bile production, & storage.

Front 66

White Fat Cell

Back 66

20% of mass in people, fat cell that stores energy, also breaks down fat.

• White fat cells (unilocular cells)
• White fat cells or monovacuolar cells contain a large lipid droplet surrounded by a layer of cytoplasm.
• White fat cells secrete many proteins acting as adipokines such as resistin, adiponectin, leptin and Apelin.

Front 67

Brown Fat Cell (AKA Baby Fat)

Back 67

Generates body heat in new born babies.

• (multilocular cells)
• Unlike white fat cells, these cells have considerable cytoplasm, with lipid droplets scattered throughout.

Front 68

Adipocyte

Back 68

• also known as lipocytes and fat cells, are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat.
• There are two types of adipose tissue, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which are also known as white fat and brown fat

Front 69

Liver Lypocyte:

Back 69

in liver, store Vitamin A, helps repair damage to liver.

Front 70

Kidney Glomerulus Parietal Cell

Back 70

Filtration in kidneys

Front 71

Kidney Glomerulus Podocyte

Back 71

In Kidneys, regulates pH by releasing acids.

Front 72

Kidney Proximal Border Cell

Back 72

In kidneys, permeability

Front 73

Loop of Henle Cell

Back 73

Cells that make up tubes in kidney.

Front 74

Kidney Distal Tubule Cell

Back 74

Cells that make up tubes in kidney

Front 75

Kidney Collecting Principle Cell

Back 75

Collects sodium & potassium in kidney

Front 76

Kidney Collecting Intercalated Cell

Back 76

Performs homeostasis.

Front 77

Type I Pneumocyte Cell

Back 77

Gas exchange in lungs

Front 78

Pancreatic Duct Cell

Back 78

Regulates pH in the pancreas.

Front 79

Nonstriated Duct Cell

Back 79

• In mammary glands, salivary, & sweat glands.
• Balances sodium, potassium, & pH.

Front 80

Duct Cells (prostate, seminal)

Back 80

Cells that make up conduit for transmission of fluids

Front 81

Intestinal Brush Border

Back 81

Cells containing microvilli (tiny hairs) used for absorption, secretion, adhesion etc.

Front 82

Exocrine Gland Striated

Back 82

Glands that secrete enzymes in ducts (i.e. prostate, liver, sweat, salivary, mammary).

Front 83

Gall Bladder Epithelial

Back 83

Cells unique to gall bladder with special pouches; GB stores bile to break down fats.

Front 84

Ductulus efferns Nonciliated

Back 84

Seminal ducts from the testes to the Epididymis (without "tiny hairs").

Front 85

Epididymal Principal

Back 85

The bulk of cells of the epidymis; sperm mature and acquire ability to swim in the epididymis.

Front 86

Epididymal Basal Cell

Back 86

Regulates electrolyte and water transport by the principal cells.

Front 87

Blood/Lymph Vasc Fenestrated Cells

Back 87

Cells with tiny openings to allow exchange between blood and tissue; they can change size.

Front 88

Blood/Lymph Vasc Continuous Cells

Back 88

Bulk of cells that make up blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

Front 89

Blood/Lymph Vascular Splenic Cells

Back 89

Spleen's vascular cells. The spleen removes old red blood cells and fights infections.

Front 90

Synovial Cell

Back 90

Cells in joint cavities; liquid and tissue to lubricate elbows, knees, fingers etc.

Front 91

Serousal Cell

Back 91

Cells of serous membranes that contain liquids in hearts, lungs, and abdomen.

Front 92

Squamous; Perilymphatic Ear

Back 92

On outside of cochlea in ear makes liquid to regulate electrochemical impulses of hair cells.

Front 93

Squamous; Endolymphatic Ear

Back 93

On outside of cochlear duct in ear makes liquid to regulate electrochemical impulses of hair cells.

Front 94

Columnar Cell of Endolymphatic Sac

with microvilli (ear)

Back 94

Contains liquid of endolymph with "tiny hairs."

Front 95

Columnar Cell of Endolymphatic Sac

without microvilli (ear)

Back 95

Contains liquid of endolymph without "tiny hairs."

Front 96

Dark cell (Lining of Ear)

Back 96

Endolymphatic lining of the ear.

Front 97

Vestibular Membrane (Ear)

Back 97

The membrane separating the cochlear duct from the vestibular canal of the ear.

Front 98

Stria Vascularis basal (Ear)

Back 98

Base membrane in cochlea contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels,

Front 99

Stria Vascularis marginal (Ear)

Back 99

Upper membrane in cochlea contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels,

Front 100

Cell of Claudius (Ear)

Back 100

Cells on the floor of the cochlear duct external to the organ of corti.

Front 101

Cell of Boettcher (Ear)

Back 101

Cells that support the Claudius cells; mediate calcium and ion transport.

Front 102

Choroid Plexus

Back 102

Cells that makes gland that makes liquid that surrounds brain; brain "floats" in it.

Front 103

Pia Arachnoid Squamous

Back 103

The two delicate layers of the meninges; the meninges protects the spine and brain.

Front 104

Pigmented Ciliar (Eye)

Back 104

Part of a muscle system for focusing the eye; also provides nutrients for the eye.

Front 105

Nonpigmented Ciliary (Eye)

Back 105

Part of a muscle system for focusing the eye; also provides nutrients for the eye.

Front 106

Corneal Endothelial

Back 106

The cornea is the crystal clear portion of the surface of the eye that lets light enter

Front 107

Respiratory Tract Ciliated

Back 107

Cells sweep clean dust and germs trapped in mucus secreted by "goblet cells" (34) in the epithelium