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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Basic components of all cells
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plasma membrane
cytoplasm nucleus |
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plasma membrane and functions
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outer lining of the cell
selective barrier communication secretion |
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2 populations for proteins
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integral and peripheral
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Microvilli
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fingerlike extensions of plasma membrane
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tight junctions
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proteins of plasma membranes fuse together to prevent leakage
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gap junctions
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hollow center allows molecules to pass thru
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filtration
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some molecules and water are pushed through membrane by hydrostatic pressure
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simple diffusion/example
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nonpolar (small and non-charged) molecules diffuse directly through the membrane.
Polar diffuse through protein channels. ex: oxygen, carbon dioxide, vitamins, alcohol, anesthetics |
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facilitated diffusion/example
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-When molecules too large move by protein carrier molecule.
-No energy is required. -is at maximum when all carriers are occupied ex: glucose |
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osmosis
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When water molecules move and pass freely through a selectively permeable membrane.
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vesicular transport
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-requires enegery
-used for large particles and macromolecules |
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Exocytosis/examples
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when substances inside the cell move outside of the cell.
ex- hormones(made and secreted) -neurotransmitters -mucous secretion -cell waste |
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Phagocytosis
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cell eating
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Pinocytosis
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cell drinking
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Cytoplasm
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-region between plasma membrane and nucleus
-composed of: cytosol organelles molecules pigments 90% of cell activity occurs here |
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cytoplasmic organelles
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specialized cellular organs that each perform their own job.
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what produces ATP?
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mitochondria
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Myoclonic Epilepsy
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caused by the mutation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
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where are ribosomes located and what do they do?
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in the cytoplasm and they read the RNA code, help develop the protein and move it into the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
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