Cells

Front 1

this forms the outer boundary of the cell

Back 1

plasma membrane

Front 2

The cell's membrane determines

Back 2

what enters and leaves the cell

Front 3

function of a cell

Back 3

cells protect and support the body
provide for cell metabolism
and inheritance
basic unit of life

Front 4

What is the cell composed of

Back 4

a double layer of phospholipid molecules in which proteins float

Front 5

cells communicate by

Back 5

hormones & electrical impulses

Front 6

the proteins in the membranes function as

Back 6

1 membrane channels
2 carrier molecules
3 receptor molecules
4 enzymes
5 structural components of the membrane

Front 7

ORGANELLES

Back 7

specialized structures
perform specific functions

Front 8

Example of an ORGANELLE

Back 8

Nucleus
mitochondria
ribosomes

Front 9

Cytoplasm is

Back 9

jelly like substance
that HOLD ORGANELLES

Front 10

Cell Membrane is

Back 10

outermost component of a cell

Front 11

Cell membrane function

Back 11

selective barrier
encloses cytoplasm

Front 12

EXTRACELLULAR means

Back 12

material OUTSIDE cell

Front 13

INTRACELLULAR means

Back 13

material INSIDE cell

Front 14

Fluid Mosaic Model is

Back 14

the structure of a cell membrane

Front 15

phospholipids form

Back 15

a double layer of molecules

Front 16

phospholipids' 2 regions are called

Back 16

POLAR
NONPOLAR

Front 17

Describe Polar regions of
phospholipid

Back 17

heads
hyrdophilie
exposed to H2O

Front 18

Describe Nonpolar fatty acid region of phospholipid

Back 18

tails
hydrophobie
away from H2O

Front 19

The double layer of phospholipid forms a

Back 19

lipid barrier between the inside and outside of the cell

Front 20

Enzymes, Glycogen, Potassium
are found

Back 20

in higher concentrations
INSIDE the cell

Front 21

Sodium, Calcium, Chloride
are found

Back 21

in higher concentrations
OUTSIDE the cell

Front 22

Energy made from a cell is called

Back 22

ATP

Front 23

Ways MOLECULES pass through cell membrane

Back 23

directly through
O2 AND CO2

Front 24

Name the 2 ways molecules pass through cell membrane

Back 24

Passive
Active

Front 25

Passive means

Back 25

DOES NOT REQUIRE ENERGY

Front 26

Active means

Back 26

REQUIRES ENERGY

Front 27

Example of PASSIVE transport

Back 27

Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion

Front 28

What does the cholesterol within the phospholipid membrane do

Back 28

Gives the membrane added strength & flexibility

Front 29

the major molecules that make up the cell membrane are

Back 29

phospholipids & proteins

Front 30

What are some other molecules besides lipids and proteins in the membrane

Back 30

cholesterol & carbohydrates

Front 31

Cholesterol within the phopholipid membrane gives it

Back 31

strength and flexiblity

Front 32

what may be bound to some protein molecules, modifying their function

Back 32

carbohydrates

Front 33

Golgi Complex is

Back 33

a series of closely packed membrane sacs that
collect
modify
package
distribute
proteins and lipids produced by the ER

Front 34

Describe the function of the
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
ER

Back 34

major site of protein synthesis

Front 35

How does Rough ER differ from Smooth ER

Back 35

Rough ER has ribosommes attached.

Front 36

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is

Back 36

a major site of lipid synthesis

Front 37

Where is the protein synthesis made

Back 37

in the Ribosommes

Front 38

Mitochondria is the major site production of

Back 38

ATP
which cells use as energy

Front 39

what is membrane bound sac containing enzymes called

Back 39

Lysosomes

Front 40

Where are the centrioles located and what is their main function

Back 40

centrosome
facilitate chromosome movement

Front 41

What is found inside the
NUCLEUS

Back 41

DNA & associated proteins as chromatin

Front 42

DNA is the hereditary material of the cell and controls

Back 42

cell activities

Front 43

What is manufactured in the Nucleolus

Back 43

subunits of ribosommes

Front 44

Describe Facilitaed Diffusion

Back 44

Facilitated Diffusion moves substances from a higher to a lower concentration
NO energy required

Front 45

Describe Active Transport

Back 45

Active Transport moves substances from a LOWERto a HIGHER concentration
REQUIRES energy (ATP)

Front 46

Describe the 4 ways of transport mechanisms across the cell membrane

Back 46

Diffusion
movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to lower
Osmosis the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Carrier Mediated the movem of a subs. across a membrane by means of a carrier molecule
Endocytosis & Exocytosis
endocytosis is the movement of materials into cells by the formation of a vesicle
exocytosis is the secretion of materials from cells by vesicle formation.

Front 47

DNA contols what

Back 47

enzyme production

Front 48

Mitosis is

Back 48

is the action of a cell dividing to form 2 daughter cells with the same amount & type of DNA as the parent cell.

Front 49

Name the 4 stages of Mitosis

Back 49

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Front 50

Describe the metaphase stage of mitosis

Back 50

Metaphase chromosomes align at the center of the cell

Front 51

Describe the Anaphase of Mitosis

Back 51

Anaphase chromatids seperate at the centromere and migrate to opposite poles

Front 52

Describe Prophase of Mitosis

Back 52

Prophase is when each chromosome consists of 2 chromotids joined at the centromere

Front 53

Describe Telophase stage of Mitosis

Back 53

Telophase -the 2 new nuclei assume their normal structure and cell division is completed producing 2 new daughter cells