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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what 3 cell categories does hematopoesis encompass?
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leukocytes
erythrocytes platelets |
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what are HSC's?
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Hematopoetic stem cells
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what are all of the cells of the myeloid lineage?
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monocytes
macrophages, langerhans Granulocytes RBCs platelets |
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what are all of the cells of the lymphoid lineage?
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B cells
T cells NK cells |
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what are the hematopoetic cytokines?
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IL-3
IL-7 GM-CSF |
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what cytokine leads HSC's to head down the lymphoid path?
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IL-3
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what cytokine leads HSC's down the myeloid path?
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IL-3 and GM-CSF
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what is the CD marker for HSC's?
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CD34
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what is the CD marker of monocytes?
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CD14
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what does the monocyte CD14 marker serve as?
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an LPS receptor and is indicative of septic shock
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what % of nucleated blood cells do monocytes comprise?
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4 to 10
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what are the APC cells?
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monocytes
MACs dendritic cells B cells |
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what are all of the different types of tissue MACs that monocytes can differentiate into?
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PAMs (AMACs)
Kupffer cells histocytes mesengial cells microglial cells Osteoclasts |
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what does the reticuloendothelial system RES refer to?
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all of the diff types of MACs throughout the body
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what are the two main classes of dendritic cells?
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APCs
Langerhans (skin) interstitial DCs (organs) Follicular not APCs B cell maturation |
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what differentias a MAC from a dendritic cell?
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Dendritic cells move out of the tissue, into the blood, and present antigen within lymphoid tissue
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what are the 3 granulocytes?
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neutrophills
Eosinophills basophills |
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what is the diff between PMN and Eosinophill nucleus's?
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PMN = tri-lobed
Eosin= Bi-lobed |
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what % of nucleated blood cells are PMNs?
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70%
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once in the tissues, what is the life span of PMNs?
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3 days
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what pathways do PMNs use to generate antimicrobial substances?
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O2 dependent and independent pathways
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what are the O2 independent substances generated by PMNs?
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defensins
lysosomes collagenase lactoferrin hydrolase |
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what are the O2 dependent substances generated by PMNs?
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Superoxide
H2O2 hypoclorous acid |
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what is neutropenia?
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PMN count of less than 1000/uL
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what are the causes of nutropenia?
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drugs
viral infections bone marrow toxicity |
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what is neutrophilia?
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PMN count of 8000/uL or greater
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what are the causes of neutrophilia?
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infections
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what is a "left shift"?
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a premature release of PMNs, called band cells, due to an increase in GM-CSF
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What % of leukocytes do eosinophils comprise?
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2 to 5
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what is the major function of eosinophils?
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used for parasitic infections
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what are the granules that eosinophils release?
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major basic protein (MBP)
eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) |
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what stimulates eosinophil function and production?
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basophils and mast cells
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which lymphocyte would you see an increase of during allergic reactions?
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eosinophils
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basophil %?
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.5 to 1
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what is the main diff between basophils and mast cells?
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baso= blood
Mast = tissue |
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what granules do basophils and mast cells secrete?
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histamine
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what surface receptors do basophils and mast cells have?
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C3a and IgE receptors
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what type of responses do basophils and mast cells play a major role in?
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allergic responses
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lymphocyte %?
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20 to 30
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where do you find lymphocytes?
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mostly in the blood, but they migrate into tissues if needed there
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what are the large lymphocytes?
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activated T cells
plasma cells NK cells |
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B cell %?
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5 to 15
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B cell CD markers?
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CD19
CD20 CD21 |
