Cell Structure And Functions

Front 1

What is the cell membrane made up of?

Back 1

Phospholipids and proteins

Front 2

What is the part of the cell that everything must pass through in order to enter the cell?

Back 2

Cell Membrane

Front 3

Do all cells have a membrane?

Back 3

Yes

Front 4

What types of structures is the cell membrane composed of?

Back 4

Transport, support and communication structures

Front 5

What part of the cell is referred to as the "juice?"

Back 5

The cytosol

Front 6

What is the cytoplasm?

Back 6

Everything between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane

Front 7

What is the cytoplasm composed of?

Back 7

Liquid and solid parts

Front 8

What is the control center of the cell?

Back 8

The nucleus

Front 9

What kind of information is stored in the nucleus?

Back 9

Genetic information (DNA)

Front 10

What surrounds the nucleus?

Back 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Front 11

What is the Endoplasmic reticulum responsible for?

Back 11

Production of fats and proteins

Front 12

There are two types of walls in the endoplasmic reticulum-which kind is responsible for the production of lipids (fats)?

Back 12

Smooth

Front 13

Within the endoplasmic reticulum, what is the rough wall in charge of production of?

Back 13

Proteins

Front 14

After modifying fats and proteins by adding sugur, what does the endoplasmic reticulum do with them?

Back 14

Pack them in lipid vesicles, buds off and ships them to their next destination

Front 15

What are proteins made by?

Back 15

Ribosomes

Front 16

What part of the cell is responsible for "packaging and shipping" incoming molecules?

Back 16

Golgi apparatus

Front 17

What part of the cell can be referred to as the "stomach"?

Back 17

The lysosomes

Front 18

What is the job of the lysosomes?

Back 18

To digest food, pathogens and old organelles as needed

Front 19

Are lysosomes found in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

Back 19

Animal cells ONLY

Front 20

Where does photosynthesis occur in plants?

Back 20

In the chloroplasts

Front 21

Are chloroplasts found in plant cells, animal cells, or both?

Back 21

Plant cells ONLY

Front 22

What are two other characteristics of chloroplasts?

Back 22

-They have a double outer membrane
-They contain some DNA

Front 23

Name the three parts of a cell that are only found in plants.

Back 23

The chloroplasts, the vacuole, and the cell wall.

Front 24

Where are wastes and toxins stored within plant cells?

Back 24

The vacuole

Front 25

What part of a plant cell is responsible for the turgidity of the plant? (turgidy- the firmness that supports the plant's strength)

Back 25

The vacuole

Front 26

True or False: The vacuole is the largest organelle found in plant cells?

Back 26

True

Front 27

What is the membrane that surrounds the vacuole called?

Back 27

The tononplast

Front 28

What is the cytoskeleton?

Back 28

A network of protein fibers throughout the cell

Front 29

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

Back 29

Support and Movement

Front 30

What are the three types of protein fibers found within the cytoskeleton?

Back 30

Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

Front 31

What are microfilaments responsible for?

Back 31

Movement

Front 32

What are intermediate filaments responsible for?

Back 32

Holding everything in place-they can also be referred to as "fillers"

Front 33

What are Microtubules responsible for?

Back 33

They are the main support

Front 34

What is the cell wall made of?

Back 34

Cellulose

Front 35

What is the function of the cell wall?

Back 35

It is the support for the plant combined with water in the vacuole

Front 36

In order for molecules to travel into the cell walls of a plant, do they need to pass through the cell membrane?

Back 36

No

Front 37

What other elements can be incorporated into the cell wall?

Back 37

Toxins and wastes

Front 38

Who discovered cells?

Back 38

Robert Hooke

Front 39

Who composed Cell theory?

Back 39

Schleiden and Schwann

Front 40

True or false: Cells are the smallest living things

Back 40

True

Front 41

Where do cells arise from?

Back 41

Pre-existing cells

Front 42

What is a bacterial cell called?

Back 42

Prokaryote

Front 43

What are Eurokyotes?

Back 43

Animal and plant cells.

Front 44

True or false: Both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have a nucleus

Back 44

False: Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Front 45

What kind of cells are simple in structure, mean they are composed of only one compartment?

Back 45

Prokaryotic cells (bacterial cells)

Front 46

What is one advantage of having multiple compartments, like eukaryotic cells do?

Back 46

Incompatible/opposing reactions can be separated.

Front 47

What is one unusual property of water?

Back 47

It is less dense as a solid than as a liquid

Front 48

Why does water expand as it solidifies?

Back 48

Due to the hydrogen bonds

Front 49

What does hydrogen bonding allow water to do?

Back 49

-It allows water molecules to hold on to each other
-Also allows molecules to hold on to other surfaces

Front 50

If a compound is hydrophilic, what is it capable of doing?

Back 50

It is capable of dissolving in water

Front 51

Name two things that are hydrophilic

Back 51

Salt, Sugar

Front 52

If a compound is hydrophobic, what is its limitation in relation to water?

Back 52

It cannot dissolve in water

Front 53

Name two compounds that are hydrophobic

Back 53

Fats, OilsWha

Front 54

What is a healthy pH level for cells?

Back 54

6-8

Front 55

True or false: If something has a low pH level, it is less acidic

Back 55

False: The lower the pH level, the more acidic it will be