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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A segment of DNA that transmits information from parent to offspring
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Gene
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The two copies of each chromosome are called
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chromatids
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The two chromatids are attatched by a protein disk at a point called
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centromere
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The two copies of each chromosome are called
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homologous
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When a cell contains two homologues of each chromosome it is called
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diploid
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Sometimes the fragment reattaches to the original chromosome in the reverse orientation, producing a mutation called a
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inversion
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The fragment may join a nonhomologous chromosome, in an event called
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translocation
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Chromosomes that differ between males and females are called
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sex chromosomes
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egg cells and sperm cells are called
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gametes
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A cell that contains only one homologue of each chromosome
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haploid
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A fertilized egg cell is called a
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zygote
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THe condition in which a diploid cell has an extra chromosome is called a
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trisomy
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The collection of chromosomes found in an individual's cells.
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karyotype
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Changes in an organism's genetic material
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mutations
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When a fragment of a chromosome breaks off, it can be lost when the cell divides causing a mutation called
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deletion
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