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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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haploid
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- describes the cells that do not have pairs of chromosomes
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fertilization
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- the joining of an egg and a sperm
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mutation
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- any permanent change in a gene or chromosome
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diploid
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- describes cells that have apairs of chromosomes
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mitosis
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- the process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei
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sperm
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- cells formed in the male reproductive organs
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sexual
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- type of reproduction when two sex cells, usually an egg and a sperm, come together
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gene
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- a section of DNA (on a chromosome) where instructions for making specific proteins are found
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chromosome
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- a structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material
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asexual
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- type of reproduction when a new organism (sometimes more than one) is produced that has hereditary material identical to the parent organism
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DNA
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- the code that contains all the information that an organism needs to grow and function
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zygote
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- the cell that forms when an egg and a sperm join
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meiosis
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- a process by which haploid sex cells are produced
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RNA
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- a type of nucleic acid that carries the codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes
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egg
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- cells formed in the female reproductive organs which contain stored food along with the other cell parts
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prophase
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- nucleolus and nuclear membranes disappear, spindle fibers and centrioles appear
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metaphase
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- duplicated chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up in the center of the cell and attach to spindle fibers at centromere
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anaphase
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- centromere divides, chromatids split and identical chromosomes move to opposite ends of cell
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telephase
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- spindle fibers disappear, new nucleus forms at each end of the cell
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Name three examples of asexual reproduction.
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1. budding
2. regeneration 3. fission |
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Name the steps of meiosis shown in the diagrams below.
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- ______________________
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- _______________________
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- _______________________
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- ________________________
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- ________________________
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List three difference between mitosis and meiosis.
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1) body cells divide by mitosis
2) Meiosis has four steps 3) Mitosis make two new nuclei |
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Identify the six parts of the DNA molecule.
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- adenine
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- thymine
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- phosphate
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- sugar
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- guanine
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- cytosine
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