Cell Life Cycle

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2 major phases of cell life cycle

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interphase,and cell division or mitotic phase

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interphase is divided into...

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G1,S & G2 subphases

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G1(growth 1)phase

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cells are metabolically active,make proteins rapidly and grow vigorously,near the end of this phase centrioles start to replicate in prep for cell division.This phase can last hrs.or yrs.

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S(synthetic)phase

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Dna replicates itself,ensuring that the 2 daughter cells will receive identical copies of the genetic material

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G2(growth2)phase

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in this brief phase,enzymes needed for cell-division process are synthesized,centrioles finish copying themselves

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4 stages of mitosis

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prophase,metaphase,anaphase,and telophase

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mitosis

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series of events that parcel out the replicated DNA of the original cell into 2 new cells,division of nucleus

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cytokinesis

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separation of one cell into 2 at the end of cell cycle;begins during anaphase and ends after mitosis ends

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fibroblast

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cells that connect body parts or cover & line organs,elongated shape & secretes cable-like fibers

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erythrocyte

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red blood cell-carries respiratory gases,oxygen,and carbon dioxide,its concave disc shape aides in the uptake of gases & provides streamlining so it flows thru bloodstream

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epithelial cell

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hexagonal shaped skin cell when packed together in sheet called epithelium,has abundant intermediate filaments that resist tearing

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skeletal muscle & smooth muscle cells

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these cells are elongated and are filled w/abundant actin & myosin filaments so they can shorten forcefully

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macrophage

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disease fighting cell that extends long pseudopods to crawl thru tissue to reach infection,many lsosomes in the cell digest the infectious microorganisms it eats

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nerve cell

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has long processes for receiving messages & transmitting them to other parts of body

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oocyte

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largest cell in the body this egg cell contains yolk and many copies of organelles,for distribution to daughter cells that arise when egg divides to become an embryo