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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atrophy
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Shrinkage of cell size by loss of cell substance; caused by pressure, disuse, denervation interrupoion of endocrine trophic hormones, ischemia or chronic injury; can be physiologic or pathologic
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Hypertrophy
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Increase in size of cells, in response to stimulus or injury; results in increased size and weight of organ, in addition to increased functionality; "boxcar nuclei;" ex = left ventricle hypertrophy in systemic HTN
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Hyperplasia
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Increase in the number of cells; ex = enlargement of breast during pregnancy
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Metaplasia
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Induced change in teh type of mucosal epithelium (ex = from columnar to squamous); most often seen in bronchi of smokers
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Dysplasia
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Disordered growth; most common in squamous epithelial cells after chronic injury; variationsin size and shape of cell; disorderely arrangement within the epithelium. Pre-malignant, but reversible.
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Coagulative Necrosis
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cell enters this necrosis once an irreversible injury has occurred; CN is the light microscopic hallmark of cell death
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Liquifactive Necrosis
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occurs when rate of cell destruction exceeds rate of repair; pyogenic (pus forming) abcesses or necrosis of the brain
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Fat Necrosis
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only in adipose tissue; lipases and proteinases are released; liberated fatty acids become saponified to calcium soaps (blue areas in H/E); often associated with pancreatitis.
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Caseous Necrosis
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"cheesy necrosis;" often in association w/ myobacteria; possible due to presence of mycolic acids; Tb must be ruled out
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Fibrinoid Necrosis
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severe damage to vessel wall, caused by processes like inflammation; thrombosis of vessel is often result
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