Cell Energy

Front 1

Photosynthesis

Back 1

the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen.

Front 2

Cellular Respiration

Back 2

the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates.

Front 3

ATP

Back 3

adenosine triphosphate an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups.

Front 4

ATP Synthase

Back 4

an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP.

Front 5

Electron Transport Chain

Back 5

a series of molecules, found in the inner membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, through which electrons pass in a process that causes protons to build up on one side of the membrane.

Front 6

Thylakoid

Back 6

a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis.

Front 7

Pigment

Back 7

a substance that gives another substance or mixture its color.

Front 8

Chlorophyll

Back 8

a green pigment that is present in most plant and algae cells and some bacteria, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis.

Front 9

Calvin Cycle

Back 9

a biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP and NADPH.

Front 10

Glycolysis

Back 10

the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP.

Front 11

Anaerobic

Back 11

describes a process that does not require oxygen.

Front 12

Aerobic

Back 12

describes a process that requires oxygen.

Front 13

Krebs Cycle

Back 13

a series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water.

Front 14

Fermentation

Back 14

the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen.