Cell Division

Front 1

term for the nuclear material during interphase; mushy chromosomes

Back 1

chromatin

Front 2

the part of the chromosome that holds the 2 sister chromatids together

Back 2

centromere

Front 3

organelle that is responsible for the growth & retraction of the spindle fibers

Back 3

centriole or centrosome

Front 4

half of a duplicated chromosome

Back 4

chromatid

Front 5

the division of the cytoplasm after mitosis has occurred

Back 5

cytokinesis

Front 6

cell cycle phase where the cell grows & performs typical cell activities

Back 6

interphase

Front 7

cell cycle phase during which DNA replication occurs

Back 7

interphase

Front 8

cell cycle phase that is NOT a phase of mitosis

Back 8

interphase

Front 9

phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up at the midline of the cell

Back 9

metaphase

Front 10

phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell

Back 10

anaphase

Front 11

order of the phases of mitosis

Back 11

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Front 12

phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane & nucleolus dissappear & chromosomes appear

Back 12

prophase

Front 13

phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane & nucleolus reappear & chromosomes disappear

Back 13

telophase

Front 14

term meaning division of the nucleus

Back 14

mitosis

Front 15

end result of mitosis

Back 15

2 cells identical to the parent cell (same number of chromosomes)

Front 16

last phase of mitosis

Back 16

telophase

Front 17

first phase of mitosis

Back 17

prophase

Front 18

term applied to the two new cells formed from cell division

Back 18

daughter cells

Front 19

6 steps of cell division

Back 19

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

Front 20

cell structure that extends across the cell & serves to pull the chromosomes apart

Back 20

spindle fibers

Front 21

The genetic material that is connected by a centromere are called

Back 21

sister chromatids

Front 22

end result of cell division of a fruit fly cell with 4 chromosomes

Back 22

2 cells with 4 chromosomes each

Front 23

How does cell division involve multiplication & division?

Back 23

The cell multiplies the DNA so that cell division will give each new cell the same amount of DNA (chromosomes)

Front 24

means "colored body"; the structure containing the DNA in the nucleus

Back 24

chromosome

Front 25

mitosis divides the _______ & cytokinesis divides the _______

Back 25

nucleus or chromosomes
cytoplasm

Front 26

a cell having a full set of chromosomes

Back 26

diploid

Front 27

a cell having half of the full set of chromosomes

Back 27

haploid

Front 28

the process of cell division resulting in haploid sex cells

Back 28

meiosis

Front 29

a pair of similar chromosomes

Back 29

homologous chromosomes

Front 30

when a pair of homologous chromosomes line up next to each other during prophase 1 in meiosis

Back 30

tetrad

Front 31

when 2 homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromosomes

Back 31

crossing over

Front 32

term for sex cells; the end result of the process of meiosis

Back 32

gametes

Front 33

number of phases in meiosis

Back 33

eight

Front 34

the result of meiosis is ____ cells with ____ the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Back 34

4 cells; 1/2 the number of chromosomes

Front 35

meiotic division that produces egg cells

Back 35

oogenesis

Front 36

meiotic division that produces sperm cells

Back 36

spermatogenesis

Front 37

phase of meiosis in which the homologous pairs line up on the midline

Back 37

metaphase 1

Front 38

phase of meiosis in which the single chromosomes line up on the midline

Back 38

metaphase 2

Front 39

phase of meiosis in which the homologous partners split apart form each other

Back 39

anaphase 1

Front 40

phase of meiosis in which the the sister chromatids of the chromosomes split apart

Back 40

anaphase 2

Front 41

in a human cell with 46 chromosomes, an cell going through meiosis would result in ____cells with _____ chromosomes

Back 41

4 cells, 23 chromosomes

Front 42

the process of mitosis occurs in all the cells of the body which are termed the _______ cells

Back 42

somatic cells

Front 43

the haploid cells of meiosis are reunited to form a diploid cell in the process of __________

Back 43

fertilization

Front 44

before meiosis begins, this occurs to the genetic material

Back 44

DNA replication

Front 45

gonads

Back 45

term for the reproductive organs in sexually reproducing organisms (testes & ovaries)

Front 46

yes or no? there is a second interphase in between telophase 1 & prophase 2 in which DNA replication occurs a 2nd time

Back 46

NO