Cell Cyle

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Cell cycle

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A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for celldivision. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division

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Interphase

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the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.

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G1

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The G1 phase, or Gap 1 phase, is the first of four phases of the cell cycle that takes place in eukaryotic cell division. In this part of interphase, the cell synthesizes mRNA and proteins in preparation for subsequent steps leading to mitosis.

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S

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S-phase (synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase. Precise and accurate DNA replication is necessary to prevent genetic abnormalities which often lead to cell death or disease.

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G2

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the period in the cell cycle from the completion of DNA replication to the beginning of cell division — compare g1 phase, m phase, s phase.

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G0

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The G0 phase, G zero phase, or 'resting phase' is a period in the cell cycle in which cells exist in a quiescent state. G0 phase is viewed as either an extended G1 phase, where the cell is neither dividing nor preparing to divide, or a distinct quiescent stage that occurs outside of the cell cycle.

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Cancer

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the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body.

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Mitosis

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a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

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Cell division

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The division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material

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Parent cell

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A cell that is the source of other cells, as a cell that divides to produce two or more daughter cells, or a stem cell that is a progenitor of other cells or is the first in a line of developing cells. Also called mother cell.

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Daughter cell

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The cells that result from the reproductive division of one cell during mitosis or meiosis.

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Checkpoint

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a barrier or manned entrance, typically at a border, where travelers are subject to security checks.

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Prophase

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the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division.

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Metaphase

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Metaphase is the third phase of mitosis, the process that separates duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells. Duringmetaphase, the cell's chromosomes align themselves in the middle of the cell through a type of cellular "tug of war.

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Anaphase

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Anaphase is the fourth phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.

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Telophase

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he final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.

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Cytokinesis

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Cytokinesis is the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells. It occurs concurrently with two types of nuclear division called mitosis and meiosis, which occur in animal cells.

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Cell plate

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Cytokinesis in terrestrial plants occurs by cell plate formation. This process entails the delivery of Golgi-derived and endosomal vesicles carrying cell wall and cell membrane components to the plane of cell division and the subsequent fusion of these vesicles within thisplate.