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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of cumminities do cells live in ?
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Cells live in simple and complex communities of cells.
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What special featured do communities of cells have ? List and explain three.
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(1)Cells within a community respond to one another, either by neighboring cells giving off information or the environment they are surrounded in. (2) Individual cells or groups of individual cells have different tasks that are essential to the well being of the community. (3) Members of a community stick together literally. They are physically attached to each other.
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How are activities of all cells influenced by their physical surroundings ?
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Cells are influenced by their physical surroundings which gives them information in many ways. One way is through information from cell to cell through the secretion of small molecules. Other information is done by physical contact. Also info from meshwork and polysaccharides that underlie or surround most cells in multicellular organisms.
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To what types of cells and organisms doe cell signaling apply to ?
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Cell signaling applies to eukaryotes and prokaryotes including multicellular and unicellular organisms.
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What gives bacteria the advantage to resist antibiotic treatment ?
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Bacteria (prokaryotes) are able to take DNA from the environment and intergrate it into their own genome and pass it on to other cells. This gives them the advantage of becoming resistant to their environment.
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How does the density of the cell population uptake affect DNA uptake in cells?
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In pnemumococal cells.for.example they have the 17 amino acid peptide and their signal receivers. Binding of the peptide to the signal receiver causes the bacterium to express the genes for DNA uptake. However, this happens at high density bacteria because the peptide is present at high concentrations and turns on gene expression, whereas at low concentrations the peptide is also low causing the termination of gene expression for dna uptake.
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What are the four essential elements in cell signaling ?
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The elements are, signaling cell, signaling molecule, receptor molecule and a responding cell.
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How do signaling cells give signal to other cells or its own self ?
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Signaling cells excrete signaling molecules in which cells with receptors bind with. In many cases the cell can be the signaling molecule and the receiver to respond.
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What is the process of a cell receiving a signal ?
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A signaling molecule binds to a receptor and this activates the cell. Once the receptor binds to the signaling molecule it will send the message from outside into the cytosol called signal transduction. There is a cellular response which can take different actions and the signal.is thus terminated to enable the cell to receive new signals.
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