Cell Anatomy

Front 1

Plasmalemma

Back 1

lipid bilayer, contains phospholipids, proteins, steroids, and carbs. Isolates cell, protection, sensitivity; support of entrance/exit to cell

Front 2

cytosol

Back 2

fluid component of cytoplasm. Distributes materials by diffusion; stores glycogen, pigments, an other materials

Front 3

cytoskeleton
microtubule & microfilament

Back 3

proteins organized in fine filaments or slender tubes. Strength and support; movement of cellular structures and materials

Front 4

microvilli

Back 4

membrane extensions containing microfilaments. Increase surface area to facilitate absorbtion of extracellular materials

Front 5

centrosome

Back 5

cytoplasm containing 2 centrioles, at right angles, each complsed of nine microtubule triplets. Essential for movement of chromosomesduring cell division; organization of microtubules in cytoskeleton

Front 6

cilia

Back 6

membrane extension containing micrtubule doublets in a 9 + 2 array. Movement of materials over cell surface

Front 7

ribosomes

Back 7

RNA + proteins, fixed are bound to rough endoplasmic reticulum, free are scattered i cytoplasm. Protein synthess

Front 8

mitochondria

Back 8

double membrane, with inner membrane containing metabolic enzymes. Produce 95% of ATP used by the cell

Front 9

nucleus

Back 9

nuclear envelope, nucleolus, and nuclear pore. Contains nucleotides, enzymes, nucleoproteins, and chromatin; surrounded by double membrane containing nuclear pores. Control of metabolism, stores and processes genetic info, control of protein synthesis

Front 10

nucleolus

Back 10

dense reigon in the nucleoplasm containing DNA and RNA. Site of rRNA and assembly of ribosomal subunits

Front 11

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Back 11

network of membranous channels extending through the cytoplasm. Synthesis of secretory products; intracellular storage and transport

Front 12

Rough ER

Back 12

Has ribosomes bound to membranes. Modification and packaging of newly synthesized proteins

Front 13

Smooth ER

Back 13

Lacks attached ribosomes. Lipid, steroid, and carb synthesis; calcium ion storage

Front 14

golgi apparatus

Back 14

stacks of flattened membranes containing chambers. Storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes

Front 15

Lysosome

Back 15

vessicles containing dygestive enzymes. Intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens

Front 16

peroxisome

Back 16

vessicles containing degradative enzymes. catabolism of fats and other compounds; neutralization of toxic compounds generated in the process