Cdl Texas Section 3 Transporting Cargo

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Section 3. Whether or not you load and secure the cargo yourself, you are responsible for:

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Inspecting your cargo.
Recognizing overloads and poorly balanced weight.
Knowing if your cargo is properly secured.

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3.1 INSPECTING CARGO Inspection of cargo should be done...

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Inspect the cargo and its securing devices again within 25 miles after beginning a trip and After you have driven for 3 hours or 150 miles

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Driver is responsible for not being overloaded. True or False

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True

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW).

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The total weight of a single
vehicle plus its load.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Gross Combination Weight (GCW).

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The total weight of a powered unit plus trailers plus the cargo.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).

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The maximum GVW specified by the manufacturer for a single vehicle plus its load.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR).

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The maximum
GCW specified by the manufacturer for a specific combination of vehicles plus its load.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Axle Weight.

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The weight transmitted to the ground by one axle or one set of axles.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Tire Load

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The maximum safe weight a tire can carry at a specified pressure. This rating is stated on the side of each tire.

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3.2 WEIGHT & BALANCE Coupling Device Capacity

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Coupling devices are rated for
the maximum weight they can pull and/or carry.

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3.1 INSPECTING CARGO Legal Weight Limits

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You must keep weights within legal limits. States have maximums for GVWs, GCWs and axle weights. Often, maximum axle weights are set by a bridge formula.

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Section 5: Air Brakes

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Air brakes use compressed air to make the brakes work.
Air brakes are a good and safe way of stopping large and
heavy vehicles, but the brakes must be well maintained and
used properly.

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Section 5: Air Brakes
Air brakes are really three different braking systems

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service brake. parking brake. emergency brake

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Section 5: Air Brakes service brake

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The service brake system applies and releases the
brakes when you use the brake pedal during normal
driving.

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Section 5: Air Brakes Parking brake

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The parking brake system applies and releases the
parking brakes when you use the parking brake control.

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Section 5: Air Brakes Emergency brake

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The emergency brake system uses parts of the service and parking brake systems to stop the vehicle in the event of a brake system failure.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Air Compressor

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The air compressor pumps air into the air storage tanks
reservoirs. The air compressor is connected to the engine
through gears or a belt.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Air Compressor Governor

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The governor controls when the air compressor will pump
air into the air storage tanks. When air tank pressure rises to
the “cut-out” level (around 125 pounds per square inch or
“psi”), the governor stops the compressor from pumping air.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Air Storage Tanks

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Air storage tanks are used to hold compressed air. The
number and size of air tanks varies among vehicles. The
tanks will hold enough air to allow the brakes to be used
several times even if the compressor stops working.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Air Tank Drains

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Compressed air usually has some water and some compressor oil in it which is bad for the air brake system.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Alcohol Evaporator

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This helps to reduce the risk of
ice in air brake valves and other parts during cold weather. Ice inside the system can make the brakes stop working.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Safety Valve

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A safety relief valve is installed in the first tank the air compressor pumps air to. The safety valve protects the tank and the rest of the system from too much pressure. The valve is usually set to open at 150 psi.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM The Brake Pedal

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You put on the brakes by pushing down the brake pedal. It is also called the foot valve or treadle valve. Pushing the
pedal down harder applies more air pressure.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Foundation Brakes

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Foundation brakes are used at each wheel.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM S-cam Brakes.

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The s-cam forces the brake
shoes away from one another and presses them against the
inside of the brake drum. When you release the brake pedal, the s-cam rotates back and a spring pulls the brake shoes
away from the drum, letting the wheels roll freely again.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Low Air Pressure Warning

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A warning signal you can see must come on before the air pressure in the tanks falls below 60 psi.

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5.1 THE PARTS OF AN AIR BRAKE SYSTEM Spring Brakes

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Spring brakes are usually used to meet these needs. When driving, powerful springs are held back by air pressure.

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5.2 DUAL AIR BRAKE what is a dual air brake system?

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A dual air brake system has two separate air brake systems which use a single set of brake controls.

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5.2 DUAL AIR BRAKE With the dual brake system what should the PSI build up to?

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Before driving a vehicle with a dual air system, allow time for
the air compressor to build up a minimum of 100 psi pressure
in both the primary and secondary systems.

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5.3 INSPECTING AIR BRAKE SYSTEMS Check Manual Slack Adjusters on S-cam Brakes

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Park on level ground and chock the wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving. Turn off the parking brakes so you can move the slack adjusters.

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5.3 INSPECTING AIR BRAKE SYSTEMS Test Air Leakage Rate.

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With a fully-charged air system
(typically 125 psi), turn off the engine, release the service
brake, and time the air pressure drop. The loss rate should be less than two psi in one minute for single vehicles and
less than three psi in one minute for combination vehicles.

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5.3 INSPECTING AIR BRAKE Test Low Pressure Warning Signal.

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Shut the engine off when you have enough air pressure so that the low pressure warning signal is not on. Turn the electrical power on and step on and off the brake pedal to reduce air tank pressure. The low air pressure warning signal must come on before
the pressure drops to less than 60 psi in the air tank

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5.3 INSPECTING AIR BRAKE Check That the Spring Brakes Come on Automatically.

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Chock the wheels, release the parking brakes when you
have enough air pressure to do it, and shut the engine off.
Step on and off the brake pedal to reduce the air tank pressure. The “parking brake” knob should pop out when the air pressure falls to the manufacturer’s specification (usually in a range between 20-40 psi). This causes the spring brakes to come on.

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5.4 USING AIR BRAKES Normal Stops

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Push the brake pedal down. Control the pressure so the
vehicle comes to a smooth, safe stop

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5.4 USING AIR BRAKES Emergency Stops

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You should brake in a way that will keep your vehicle in a
straight line and allow you to turn if it becomes necessary