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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromosomes=
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rodlike structures which store and transmit genetic information
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gene=
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segment of DNA along the length of the chromosome
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mitosis
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duplication of DNA
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gametes=
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sex cells; the sperm and ovum
formed through meiosis |
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zygote=
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when sperm and ovum unite
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autosomes and sex chromosomes=
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22 autosomes
23rd chromosome is sex chromosomes |
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fraternal twins=
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dizygotic most common
release and fertilization of two ova |
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identical twins=
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monozygotic
a zygote that has started to duplicate separates into tow clusters of cells. |
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allele
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each form of a gene
(if both allele are alike= homozygous if different = heterozygous) |
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X linked inheritance =
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males are more likely to be affected because their sex chromosomes do not match.
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incomplete dominance
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both alleles of a single gene are expressed
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polygenic inheritance
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many genes combine to influence a trait
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genetic imprinting
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chemical marker that activates either father or mothers gene; often temporary
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down syndrome
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problem with 21st chromosome, didn't separate during meiosis
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reproductive technologies=
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donor insemination
in vitro fertilization surrogate mother new technologies |
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Individualist society=
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people define themselves as separate from other people; largely concerned with personal needs and goals
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Collectivist society=
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people define themselves as part of a group
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poverty in late adult hood is largest in...
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united states
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Passive Correlation=
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the child has no control over it
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Active Correlation=
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children actively seeking environments that fit with their genetic tendencies = niche picking
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Evocative Correlation=
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children evoke responses that are influenced by the child's heredity and these responses strengthen the child's original style.
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epigenetic framework=
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development resulting from ongoing bidirectional exchanges between heredity and all levels of the environment
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amniocentesis
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hollow needed obtains sample fluid from uterus and examined for genetic defect
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chorionic villus sampling;
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needed inserted through vagina or abdomen, remove chorionic villi (hair like around fetus) and cells are examine for genetic defects
best for early in pregnancy |
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fetoscopy
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tube with light inserted to look at face and limbs 15-18 weeks.
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maternal blood analysis
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can determine diseases like kidney, spina bifida, etc.
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preimplantation genetic diagnosis:
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after invitro, tested and if it's ok, then it's implanted
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