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117 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
In the United States, fewer than half of all teenage girls consume the recommended amount of:
iron.
Which of the following is a symptom of bulimia nervosa?
a. Binging and purging at least once a week for three months.
b. An uncontrollable urge to overeat.
c. A distorted body image.
d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
The relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty is referred to as:
growth spurt
The last part(s) of the adolescent body to be fully formed is (are) the:
torso
Like the muscle strength of typical adolescents, Joel’s muscle strength will:
double
The parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction are called:
primary sex characteristics
According to the text, teenagers are likely to experience sleep deprivation as a consequence of their:
phase-delayed sleep-wake patterns.
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is a sexually active teenager most likely to have?
genital herpes
Which STI can an adolescent girl receive a vaccination for?
HPV
Which age group has the highest rate of substantiated sexual abuse?
12–15
Which psychoactive drug used during adolescence inhibits growth and may result in becoming a shorter and heavier adult?
tobacco
Which is TRUE of project DARE?
a. It has been found to significantly increase adolescent drug use.
b. It has been found to significantly reduce adolescent drug use.
c. It has been found to have no impact on adolescent drug use.
d. No research has been conducted on project DARE.
c. It has been found to have no impact on adolescent drug use.
Menstruation depletes a woman’s body of:
iron
A person’s idea of how his or her body looks is called:
body image
Which of the following is a symptom of anorexia nervosa according to the DSM-IV-TR?
a. A refusal to maintain a body weight that is at least 85 percent of normal for age and height.
b. An uncontrollable urge to overeat.
c. Binging and purging at least once a week for three months.
d. A depressed or irritable mood nearly every day.
a. A refusal to maintain a body weight that is at least 85 percent of normal for age and height.
Jason is going through a growth spurt. The first observable evidence will likely be that:
his fingers and toes lengthen
During adolescence, the lungs will _________ in weight and the heart will ___________ in size.
triple; double
Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?
a. facial hair
b. breast development
c. lowering of the voice
d. maturation of the testes
d. maturation of the testes
Physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction but indicate sexual maturity are referred to as:
secondary sex characteristics.
Teenage pregnancy:
is about half as common in the United States as it was 20 years ago.
_____________ increases the chances of fatal uterine cancer.
HPV
Child sexual abuse:
is most common just after puberty
According to research, steady drinking impairs memory and self-control by damaging:
the hippocampus and frontal cortex.
Which of the following attempts to decrease teen drug use appears to have been most effective
Antismoking ad campaigns designed to appeal to the young.
What function does the prefrontal cortex serve?
It is responsible for planning ahead and emotional regulation.
Which characteristic of adolescent thought is demonstrated when a teen fails to recognize that others may neither care about nor share her opinions?
adolescent egocentrism
What is the aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by the belief that his or her thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique?
personal fable
When Ramon has had several beers and insists on driving his friends home, he is most likely displaying:
the invincibility fable
Julie is obsessed with how others will react to her behavior and appearance. It takes her several hours to dress in the morning as she considers what both her friends and her enemies will think of her. Julie’s behavior reflects the power of:
the imaginary audience
What is Piaget’s fourth and final stage of cognitive development?
formal operational thought
_________ involves propositions and possibilities that may or may not reflect reality.
Hypothetical thinking
________________ is sometimes called “top-down reasoning.”
deductive reasoning
Which theory proposes that advances in thinking reflect biological changes?
epigenetic
The notion that two networks within the brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli refers to the:
dual-process model.
Analytic thinking requires a certain level of:
brain capacity, intellectual maturity, and motivation.
The mistaken assumption that, because a person has already spent time, money, or effort on some endeavor that has failed, more should be invested in an effort to reach the goal is referred to as:
sunk cost fallacy
What is the last part of the brain to mature?
prefrontal cortex
What is adolescent egocentrism?
The thinking that leads young people to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others.
What best explains why teens engage in behavior that they know puts them at risk?
the invincibility fable
Thirteen-year-old Mark refuses to go to school because he has a pimple. He is convinced that everyone will make fun of him. Mark’s behavior is an example of:
the imaginary audience
Randy is in the stage of _______ if his thinking is no longer restricted to personal experience.
formal operational thought
What-if propositions require:
hypothetical thought
________________ is sometimes called “bottom-up reasoning.”
Inductive reasoning
Which theory proposes that advances in thinking result from context?
sociocultural
What type of thought begins with a prior belief, past experience, or common assumption, rather than a logical premise?
intuitive
“Throwing good money after bad” is a phrase often used when we put more and more money into something that really was not worth it in the first place. Which of the following best explains why we often do not choose to “cut our losses”?
sunk cost fallacy
Marrisa decided to drive her car to Las Vegas rather than fly after reading a story about a plane crash. This common fallacy is called:
base rate neglect
During adolescence, psychosocial development is primarily a search to answer the question:
"Who am I?"
A consistent definition of oneself as a unique person who has certain roles, attitudes, beliefs, and aspirations is called:
identity
A situation in which an adolescent does not seem to know or care about his or her identity is called:
role confusion
A person who adopts his or her parents’ values without question or analysis is said to be in:
foreclosure
Tenisha’s decision to join the army and see the world before she settles on her career illustrates the concept of:
moratorium
In achieving full identity, an adolescent should understand his or her goals and values regarding:
a. religion and sex.
b. politics and ethnicity.
c. vocation.
d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
______ refers to a person’s self-definition as male or female and _______ refers to a person’s erotic desires.
Gender identity; sexual orientation
The type of identity that affects language, manners, dating patterns, clothing, and values is:
ethnic identity
A key developmental asset that predicts positive youth outcomes is having:
supportive non-parent adult relationships.
Tom and his mother constantly argue about Tom’s not wearing a clean shirt every day. They are:
bickering
The parental tactic called _______ is particularly harmful to adolescents.
psychological control
A large group of adolescents who have something in common but who are not necessarily friends is a(n):
crowd
Teens who select as their most admired peers those who are doing drugs are:
at risk of participating in deviancy training.
Parents are more likely to discuss sex with their child when:
the child is a girl
Longitudinal research begun in 1998 found that federally funded abstinence-only sex education:
has no impact on postponing sex
The rate of teen pregnancy is highest in:
the United States
Serious depression among adolescents is:
more common in females than in males
Thinking about suicide is called _________, and a failed suicide is called __________.
suicidal ideation; parasuicide
Which is one of the four most influential factors that may lead to thoughts of suicide?
a. access to alcohol and drugs
b. peer-group pressure
c. too much parental supervision
d. underachievement in school
a. Access to alcohol and drugs
Early neurological impairments increase the risk of a child becoming a(n) _________, and a teen experiencing a negative psychosocial development is at greater risk of becoming a(n) ___________.
life-course-persistent offender; adolescent-limited offender
What is Erikson’s fifth stage of psychosocial development?
Identity versus role confusion.
The ultimate goal in resolving the crisis of identity achievement is to:
reconsider the goals and values set by parents and culture, accepting some and rejecting others.
Erikson’s term for premature identity formation is:
foreclosure
A socially acceptable way for adolescents to postpone identity achievement is referred to as:
moratorium
Erikson described four aspects of identity as being the religious, the sexual, the vocational, and the:
political
Gender identity refers to:
a person’s self-definition as male or female.
Bickering about daily routines is most likely between adolescent _____ and their ______.
daughters; mothers
What is a clique?
A group of close friends who are loyal to one another and who exclude outsiders.
A factor that pushes immigrant teens toward extremes of either obedience or rebellion is:
if their parents seek to maintain traditional practices that differ markedly from those of teenage culture.
Adolescents establish an ethnic identity:
a. at about age 15.
b. to connect with their ethnic group history.
c. to blend their parents’ perspective and their own experiences.
d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
Destructive peer support in which one person shows another how to rebel against authority or social norms is referred to as:
deviancy training
High school romances:
are short-lived, whereas friendships last for years.
Adolescent sexual behavior is strongly influenced by:
a. sexual information received from peers.
b. whether or not an adolescent is in an ongoing romantic relationship.
c. early puberty and physical attractiveness.
d. All of these answers are correct.
d. All of these answers are correct.
Which statement regarding teen pregnancy is TRUE?
a. Rates of teen pregnancy are about the same in European countries and the United States.
b. Rates of teen pregnancy are higher in European countries than in the United States.
c. Rates of teen pregnancy are lower in European countries than in the United States.
d. Sex education in European countries does not affect the countries’ low teen-pregnancy rates.
c. Rates of teen pregnancy are lower in European countries than in the United States.
Research has shown that the dip in self-esteem during adolescence:
is experienced by both sexes
Two causes of depression in adolescence are:
genetic vulnerability and a depressed mother when the adolescent was an infant.
Any deliberate action of self-harm that could have been lethal but was not is referred to as:
parasuicide
Based on information regarding trends in North America and Europe since 1960, which of the following would MOST likely help to reduce teen suicide?
a. relaxing drinking laws
b. restricting access to guns
c. reducing adult supervision of teens
d. liberalizing drug laws
b. restricting access to guns
Adolescent criminal behavior can best be halted by:
placing the child in therapeutic foster care.
A factor that pushes immigrant teens toward extremes of either obedience or rebellion is:
if their parents seek to maintain traditional practices that differ markedly from those of teenage culture.
Diet deficiencies in...
iron, zinc, and calcium
Another reason for poor nutrition is
anxiety about body image
An intense fear of weight gain, disturbed body perception and denial of the problem, absence of__, and a refusal to maintain a body weight that is at least __%of normal for age and height. Are all signs of ___
Menstruation, 85, anorexia.
___ is three times as common as anorexia.
Bulimia
Binging and purging at least once a week for ___ . Is one sign of a person suffering from bulimia.
three months
During a growth spurt, growth starts in the __ and goes to the__.
extremities, core
Fingers and toes lengthen before__
hands and feet.
By age 17 a girl has__ times the amount of body fat than her male classmate.
2
Lungs ___ in weight
tripple
The heart __ in size
doubles
Circadian Rhythm
a daily day-night cycle of biological activity that occurs approximately every 24 hours.
A "phase delay" in sleep and wake patterns is caused by
hormones from the pituitary gland.
"eveningness" is people who are
usually naturally more alert in the evening than in the morning.
What changes in the brain cause adolescents to overrate pleasure and disregard danger?
immaturity of the cortex and activity in the limbic system
Early sexual experiences correlate with
disease, depression, and drugs
HPV has no immediate consequences but can correlate with
cervical cancer
What is the most frequently reported STI?
Chlamydia
Adolescent smokers become
shorter and heavier adults
Alcohol permanently impairs memory and self control by damaging
the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex
Because the cortex matures from front to back the
instinctual and emotional areas develop before the reflective ones do
hormones of puberty affect the
amygdala (part of the limbic system) more than the cortex.
young adolescents not only think intensely about themselves but also imagine what others may think about them during the stage of
adolescent egocentrism
deductive reasoning is ___ which begins with abstract idea or premise and then uses logic to draw specific conclusions
top-down reasoning (during adolescence.)
inductive reasoning is predominant during the school years as children accumulate facts and personal experiences to aid their thought. It is also referred to as __.
bottom-up reasoning
The notion that two networks exist within the human brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli.
Dual-process model
intuitive thought
thought arisen from an emotion or hunch
systematic ranking of pros and cons and analysis is called
analytic thought
When a person has lack of commitment to any goals or values
role confusion or identity diffusion
In order to halt the confusion, young people short-circuit the search by accepting traditional values without questioning them.
Foreclosure
a socially acceptable way for adolescents to postpone identity achievement.
Moratorium