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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are possible causes for a Serial interface to be in a "Up, Line protocol is down" state |
Layer 2 issue remote router might not be sending keep alives problem with leased lines (eg line noise, malfunctioning switch)
DTE mode - Local or remote router is misconfigured - Keepalives are not being sent by remote router - leased line or carrier service problem - timing problem on cable - router h/w (local or remote) has failed
DCE mode clock rate command is missing
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What is most typical issue when serial interface status is "Down, line protocol down"? |
Layer 1 issue |
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What is the most likely cause when you cannot ping across a serial interface but status is "up, line protocol up? |
layer 3 issue |
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What is the most likely issue on a serial link when the interface status on BOTH ends is up/down? |
if flapping - encapsulation mismatch otherwise PAP/CHAP authentication issue |
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What encapsulation does a serial interface use if there is no encapsulation command? |
HDLC |
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When is the "broadcast" keyword needed in the "frame-relay map" command? |
When router needs to send broadcasts or multicasts to the neighboring router e.g. - routing protocol messages such as 'hello'
sample... frame-relay map ip 10.1.1.2 401 broadcast |
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If there is subnet mismatch on a PPP serial link will the router be able to...
ping the IP of the remote router?
exchange routes over routing protocol? |
ping - yes routing protocol - no |
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If there is subnet mismatch on a HDLC serial link will the router be able to...
ping the IP of the remote router?
exchange routes over routing protocol? |
ping - no routing protocol - no |
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Frame relay LMI types and parameter value for "frame-relay lmi-type" interface subcommand? |
Name parameter Cisco cisco (default) ANSI ansi ITU q933a |
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For PVC status of Active/Inactive/Delete/Static is the PVC defined to the Frame Relay network? |
Active - Yes Inactive - Yes Deleted - No Static - Unknown |
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For the PVC status of Active/Inactive/Delete/Static does the router attempt to send frames on a VC in this state? |
Active - Yes Inactive - No Deleted - No Static - Yes |
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Some benefits of VPNs |
Lower desktop support costs Threat protection Flexible and cost-effective licensing Reduced cost and management complexity |
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What are the Frame relay encapsulations supported on Cisco routers |
IETF and cisco |
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What are the three options for the |
show frame-relay map displays remote IP to Local DLCI, broadcast? dynamic/static, active/inactive/deleted status
show frame-relay pvc displays BECN, FECN
show frame-relay lmi lmi traffic statistics, lmi type |
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What frame relay encapsulation would you use to connect a Cisco router to a non-cisco router? |
IETF encapsulation frame-relay ietf
....for cisco to cisco encapsulation frame-relay cisco |
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What are the three encapsulation types for WAN serial links? |
encapsulation ppp encapsulation hdlc encapsulation frame-relay [ietf|cisco] |
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Describe an Intranet VPN |
a site-to-site VPN that connects all the computers at two sites of the same organization usually using one VPN device at each site. |
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Describe an Extranet VPN |
A site-to-site VPN that connects all the computers at two sites of different but partnering organizations, usually using one VPN device at each site. |
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describe Remote access VPN |
Connects individual Internet users to the enterprise network |
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What is TDM |
Time-division multiplexing T1, E1, T3, E3 |
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What are the typical physical access links, router interface type, Layer 2 protocols and WAN service promise for Leased Lines? |
Typical physical link = TDM (T1, E1, etc) Router interface = serial Protocols = HDLC or PPP WAN service promise = Deliver bits to other end of the line |
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What are the typical physical access links, router interface type, Layer 2 protocols and WAN service promise for Frame Relay? |
Typical physical link = TDM (T1, E1, etc) Router interface = serial Protocols = Frame Relay WAN service promise = Deliver FR frames to other end of the line |
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What are the typical physical access links, router interface type, Layer 2 protocols and WAN service promise for Ethernet WAN? |
Typical physical link = Ethernet (fiber) Router interface = Ethernet Protocols = Ethernet WAN service promise = Deliver ethernet frames to specific endpoints |
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What are the typical physical access links, router interface type, Layer 2 protocols and WAN service promise for MPLS? |
Typical physical link = Any that support IP Router interface = Any that support IP Protocols = Any that support IP WAN service promise = Deliver IP packets |
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Internet Access - Analog modem physical access link always on? data service promise? speed Asymmetric? |
physical access link - phone line internet is NOT always on Data service promise: send bits to called party Speed: 56k Asymmetric? NO |
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Internet Access - ISDN physical access link always on? data service promise? speed Asymmetric? |
physical access link - phone line internet is NOT always on Data service promise: send bits to called party Speed: 128k Asymmetric? NO |
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Internet Access - DSL physical access link always on? data service promise? speed Asymmetric? |
physical access link - phone line internet is always on Data service promise: send all data to the ISP Speed: 10s of mbps Asymmetric? YES |
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Internet Access - Cable physical access link always on? data service promise? speed Asymmetric? |
physical access link - CATV cable internet is always on Data service promise: send all data to the ISP Speed: 10s of mbps Asymmetric? YES |
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PPPoE sample configuration |
interface dialer 2 encapsulation ppp ip address negotiated
ppp chap hostname Fred ppp chap password Barney
mtu 1492 dialer pool 1
interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address pppoe-client-dial-pool-number 1
*"dialer pool "# must match "pppoe-client-dial-pool-number "# |
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for a PPPoE configuration where does the PPP configuration sit? |
on the dialer interface (NOT the ethernet i/f)
dialer interface is a virutal interface used to create the PPP tunnel |
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What must match between customer router and ISP router in PPPoE? |
CHAP username and password |
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What links the dialer interface to the Ethernet interface in a PPPoE configuration? |
"dialer pool 1" under "interface dialer 2" ...and... "pppoe-client-dial-pool-number 1" under the ethernet interface
the number for the dialer pool should match in both commands |
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In PPPoE what should the MTU be set to and why? |
mtu 1492
should be lowed from default of 1500 to accomodate the PPPoE headers |
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In a PPPoE configuration what command is needed under the ethernet interface to link it to the dialer interface? |
pppoe-client-dial-pool-number 1
number should match "dialer pool 1" command under the dialer interface. |
