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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At rest, bacterial chromosomes are haploid or diploid?
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Haploid
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What does it mean if a bacteria is "competent"?
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It has the necessary cell wall structures to bind to naked DNA and transport it into the cell.
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What is bacterial "Transformation"?
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The incorporation of naked DNA from the environment into a bacteria.
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What is "Transduction"?
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Movement of bacterial DNA from one bacteria to another via a bacteriophage (virus)
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What is "Generalized Transduction"?
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A virus infects a bacteria... as that bacteria is about to be lysed and release a bunch of new viruses... some of those viruses get packaged with fragments of bacterial DNA instead of with viral DNA
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What is "Specialized Transduction"?
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Viral DNA gets incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
This piece of DNA is called a "prophage" and the bacteria is now called... "lysogenic" b/c he has a genetic "time bomb" that can go off whenever When the bomb goes off and the new viruses are breaking out of the cell... they are sloppy and bring along pieces of bacterial DNA. |
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Who cause "Generalized Transduction"?
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Virulent Phages
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Who cause "Specialized Trandsuction?"
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Temperate Phages
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What is "Conjugation"?
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Direct transfer of DNA material from one bacteria (considered male) to another (considered female)
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What is the "sex pilus"
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The specialized structure used for transferring DNA from one bacteria to another... called "conjugation".
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What is an F(+) cell?
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Male... possesses an "F Plasmid" (F-means "fertility")
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What is an F(-) cell?
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Female... receives an "F Plasmid".
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What is an "Hfr" cell?
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A cell into which a conjugated F Plasmid is actually incorporated into the cell's chromosome... making the transferred genes get expressed at a higher rate... (a "H-igh Fr-equency").
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What is an F' plasmid?
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A plasmid which inserts itself into the wrong portion of a chromosome... causing it to pick up additional DNA when it is spliced and conjugated to another bacteria.
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what does the ECG/EKG when there is the positive finding of exercise induced ischemia
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subendocardial ischemia --> ST segment depression
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