Ccent Flash Cards

Front 1

Fast Ethernet is defined by _____________. It has a maximum cable length of ____________. It runs at ________.

Back 1

IEEE 802.3u; 100 meters; 100 Mbps.

Front 2

Gigabit Ethernet is defined by ____________. It has a maximum cable length of ___________. It runs at ___________.

Back 2

IEEE 802.3z ans 802.ab; 100 meters; 1000 Mbps

Front 3

Ethernet runs at ____ Mbps, is defined by __________ and its copper cable has a maximum length of __________.

Back 3

10; IEEE 802.3; 100

Front 4

10Base2 and 10Base5 run on what is known as a ____________ bus.

Back 4

shared cable

Front 5

Pins used for transmitting a signal are _______. Pins used for receiving a signal ________.

Back 5

Pins 1 and 2; Pins 3 and 6.

Front 6

Mac addresses are _____ bits long.

Back 6

48

Front 7

Broadcast MAC Address

Back 7

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

Front 8

Multicast MAC address - the first half is always ________________. The second half can be in a range from ______ to _______.

Back 8

01-00-5E; 00-00-00; 7F-FF-FF

Front 9

Rollover cables are used to connect a PC __________ to a router or switch ____________.

Back 9

serial port; console port

Front 10

Data Communications Equipment (DCE) ____________ the clockrate.

Back 10

provides

Front 11

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) ___________ the clockrate.

Back 11

receives

Front 12

By default, a Cisco router acts as a __________.

Back 12

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)

Front 13

PPP allows ____________, ___________, and _____________ to be configured while HDLC does not.

Back 13

data compression; multilink; the use of two authentication schemes (PAP and/or CHAP)

Front 14

____________________ allows for multiple physical channels to be bundled into a single logical channel.

Back 14

PPP Multilink

Front 15

Name two authentication schemes allows by PPP for point-to-point links.

Back 15

PAP ans CHAP

Front 16

Name the default encapsulation on a Cisco router's interface.

Back 16

HDLC

Front 17

This is used to dynamically learn the data-link address of an IP host connected to a LAN

Back 17

ARP

Front 18

This learns routes and puts those routes in a routing table

Back 18

Routing Protocol

Front 19

This defines the type of packet forwarded through a network.

Back 19

Routed Protocol

Front 20

Any device that can send and receive IP packets

Back 20

IP host

Front 21

RFC 791 defines what protocol?

Back 21

IP protocol including several classes of devices.

Front 22

How many reserved host addresses are there per network?

Back 22

Two

Front 23

Name the Class A Valid Network Numbers

Back 23

1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0

Front 24

Name the Class B Valid Network Numbers

Back 24

128.0.0.0 to 191.255.0.0

Front 25

Name the Class C Valid Network Numbers

Back 25

192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0

Front 26

What's the total number and binary exponent value of the class A network?

Back 26

2 to the 7th power – 2 (126)

Front 27

What's the total number and binary exponent value of a class B network?

Back 27

2 to the 14th power (16,384)

Front 28

What's the total number and binary exponent value of a class C network?

Back 28

2 to the 21th power (2,097,152)

Front 29

Number of Hosts on a Class A network? (exponent calculation and total)

Back 29

2 to the 24th power – 2 (16,777,214)

Front 30

Number of Hosts on a Class B network? (exponent calculation and total)

Back 30

2 to the 16th power – 2 (65,534)

Front 31

Number of Hosts on a Class C network? (exponent calculation and total)

Back 31

2 to the 8th power – 2 (254)

Front 32

This is the time between losing the route and finding a working
replacement route

Back 32

convergence time

Front 33

This uses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), sending a message called an ICMP echo request to another IP address. The computer with that IP address should reply with an ICMP echo
reply.

Back 33

Ping (Packet Internet Groper)

Front 34

What is the Class A reserved range of IP addresses?

Back 34

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Front 35

What is the Class B reserved range of IP addresses?

Back 35

172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Front 36

What is the Class C reserved range of IP addresses?

Back 36

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Front 37

This consists of three things: an IP address, a transport protocol, and a port number.

Back 37

A socket

Front 38

Dynamic port numbers range starts at _________.

Back 38

1024

Front 39

This consists of three things: an IP address, a transport protocol, and a port number.

Back 39

A socket

Front 40

Dynamic port numbers range starts at _________.

Back 40

1024

Front 41

Port numbers below ___________ are reserved for well-known applications

Back 41

1024

Front 42

This consists of three things: an IP address, a transport protocol, and a port number.

Back 42

A socket

Front 43

Dynamic port numbers range starts at _________.

Back 43

1024

Front 44

Port numbers below ___________ are reserved for well-known applications

Back 44

1024

Front 45

Dynamic port numbers range starts at _________.

Back 45

1024

Front 46

This consists of three things: an IP address, a transport protocol, and a port number.

Back 46

A socket

Front 47

Port numbers below ___________ are reserved for well-known applications.

Back 47

1024

Front 48

FTP data uses TCP Port ______.

Back 48

20

Front 49

Port numbers below ___________ are reserved for well-known applications

Back 49

1024

Front 50

FTP data uses TCP Port ______.

Back 50

20

Front 51

Dynamic port numbers range starts at _________.

Back 51

1024

Front 52

FTP control uses TCP Port ______.

Back 52

21

Front 53

FTP data uses TCP Port ______.

Back 53

20

Front 54

SMTP uses TCP Port ______.

Back 54

25

Front 55

Telnet uses TCP Port ______.

Back 55

23

Front 56

DNS uses TCP and UDP Port ______.

Back 56

53

Front 57

DHCP uses UDP Port ______.

Back 57

67 and 68

Front 58

TFTP uses UDP Port ______.

Back 58

69

Front 59

HTTP (WWW) uses TCP Port ______.

Back 59

80

Front 60

POP3 uses TCP Port ______.

Back 60

110

Front 61

SNMP uses UDP Port ______.

Back 61

161

Front 62

SSH uses TCP Port _______.

Back 62

22

Front 63

SSL uses TCP Port ______.

Back 63

443

Front 64

RTP-based Voice (VoIP) and Video use UDP ports_____________.

Back 64

16,384–32,767

Front 65

This field implies the maximum number of unacknowledged bytes that are allowed to be outstanding at any instant in time.

Back 65

Window field (of a TCP header)

Front 66

This is sometimes used to describe the error recovery and windowing
processes that TCP uses

Back 66

Positive Acknowledgement and Retransmission (PAR)

Front 67

This refers to the process of initializing sequence and
acknowledgment fields and agreeing on the port numbers used

Back 67

Connection establishment (in TCP)

Front 68

TCP signals connection establishment using ________ inside the flag fields of the TCP header. These are call the ________ and _________.

Back 68

2 bits; SYN and ACK flags

Front 69

What does the SYN flag means?

Back 69

Synchronize the sequence numbers

Front 70

What does the ACK Flag mean?

Back 70

The Acknowledgment field is valid in this
header

Front 71

TCP initializes the Sequence Number and Acknowledgment Number fields to any number
that fits into the ______ fields

Back 71

4-byte

Front 72

The TCP four-way termination sequence is straightforward and uses an additional flag, called the ______ bit.

Back 72

FIN (short for finished)

Front 73

A protocol that requires an exchange of messages before data transfer begins or that has a required preestablished correlation between two endpoints.

Back 73

Connection-oriented protocol

Front 74

A protocol that does not require an exchange of messages and that does not require a preestablished correlation between two endpoints.

Back 74

Connectionless protocol

Front 75

This is the size of the largest Layer 3 packet that can sit inside a frame’s data field.

Back 75

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)

Front 76

Because an IP packet can often be no more than 1500 bytes because of the MTU restrictions, and because IP and TCP headers are 20 bytes each, TCP typically segments large data into ________ chunks.

Back 76

1460-byte

Front 77

An attack whose purpose is to break things.

Back 77

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks

Front 78

DoS attacks called __________ try to harm the hosts, erasing data and software.

Back 78

destroyers

Front 79

DoS attacks
called ____________ cause harm by causing hosts to fail or causing the machine to no longer be able to connect to the network.

Back 79

crashers

Front 80

DoS attacks called ____________ overwelm the network with packets to make the network unusable, preventing any useful communications with the servers.

Back 80

flooders

Front 81

This kind of attack may be disruptive as a side effect, but its goal is gathering information to perform an access attack. An example is learning IP addresses and then trying to discover servers that do not appear to require encryption to connect to the server.

Back 81

Reconnaissance attacks

Front 82

An attempt to steal data, typically data for some financial advantage, for a competitive advantage with another company, or even for international espionage.

Back 82

Access attacks

Front 83

What port number that https use?

Back 83

TCP Port 443

Front 84

These switching methods allow the switch to start forwarding the frame before the entire frame has been
received, reducing time required to send the frame (the latency, or delay).

Back 84

cut-through and fragment-free processing

Front 85

Name the switching method whereby the switch fully receives all bits in the frame before forwarding the frame. This allows the switch to
check the FCS before forwarding the frame.

Back 85

Store-and-forward

Front 86

The switch forwards the frame as soon as it can. This reduces latency but does not allow the switch to discard
frames that fail the FCS check.

Back 86

Cut-through

Front 87

The switch forwards the frame after receiving the first 64
bytes of the frame, thereby avoiding forwarding frames that
were errored due to a collision.

Back 87

Fragment-free

Front 88

This stores the working memory and
running configuration

Back 88

RAM

Front 89

This stores the Cisco IOS Software

Back 89

Flash

Front 90

This stores the Bootstrap Program

Back 90

ROM

Front 91

This stores the Startup Configuration

Back 91

NVRAM

Front 92

What are the two main Cisco IOS Configuration files?

Back 92

Start-up config and Running-config

Front 93

Name the four types of Cisco switch memory:

Back 93

RAM, ROM, Flash, NVRAM

Front 94

This stores the initial configuration used any time the switch reloads the Cisco IOS.

Back 94

Startup config

Front 95

This stores the currently used configuration commands. This file changes dynamically when someone enters commands in configuration mode.

Back 95

Running-config