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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Shared Ethernet Segments are saturated
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40 % network utilization
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WAN Links are saturated
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70 % network utilization
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Good response time is?
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Less than 100ms
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Acceptable segment broadcasts and multicasts
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20%
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Collisions on Ethernet Segments
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less 0.1% of the packets
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Router Utilization
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5 min CPU utilization less than 75%
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Output Queue drops
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not exceeded 100 in an hour
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input Queue drops
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not exceeded 50 in an hour
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buffer misses
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not exceeded 25 in an hour
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ignored packets
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has not exceeded 10 in an hour on any interface
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Design Methodology Steps
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Identify the requirements
Characterize the existing network Design the topology and network solutions Plan the implementation Build a pilot or prototype network document the design implement and verify the design Monitor and optionally redesign |
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PDIOO Process
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Plan
Design Implement Operation Optimization Retirement |
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OSI Stack
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Physical
Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application |
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Hierarchical Design
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Access
Distribution Core |
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Enterprise Composite Network Model
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Enterprise Campus
Enterprise Edge Service Provider Edge |
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Enterprise Campus Modules
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Campus Infrastructure (access, distribution, Backbone/Core)
Network Management Server Farm Edge Distribution |
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Network Management
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OTP (one time password) Server
Access Control Server Network Monitoring IDS Director Syslog System Admin |
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Server Farm
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DNS, Email, Application, File and print
Call Mnager Content Networking |
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Enterprise Edge functional Area
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E-Commerce
Internet connectivity module Remote Access and VPN WAN |
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e-Commerce Module
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Web servers
Application Database Firewall NIDS Multilayer switch wth IDS |
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Internet Connectivity
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SMTP Mail servers
DNS Servers Public servers - FTP, HTTP |
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RemoteAccess and VPN
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Dial in Access
VPN Firewalls L2 Switches NIDS Appliances |
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WAN
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FR, ATM, SONET, DSL
QoS |
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SP Edge
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SP
PSTN Frame Relay/ATM |
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classful routing
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flat no areas
not scalable RIPv1, IGRP |
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Classless routing
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Hierarchical
Can use hellos to maintain neighbor relationships OSPF, ISIS RIPv2, flat but classless EIGRP, flat, but classless and fast |
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ODR
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Dynamic configuration of static routes for hub and spoke to remote offices
uses CDP no routing protocol on spokes supports VLSM proprietary Cisco |
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RIPv2 vs. RIPv1
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supports VLSM
uses multicast for updates faster convergence manual route summarization authentication of routing data still uses hope count for metric hop limit of 15 |
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EIGRP
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same metric as IGRP
Supports VLSM Distance Vetor same features as link state triggered updates no periodic hellos stateful routing algorithm is Diffusing Update Algorithm |
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OSPF
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Based on RFC
Link state VLSM fast convergence improved path calculation Shortest path first hierarchical with Areas metric based on bandwidth |
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IS-IS
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Link state
ISO and IP at layer 3 areas and backbone level 1 routers are internal to areas level 2 routers are used for interconnecting areas more scalable than OSPF and EIGRP fast convergence |
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BGP
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External rotuering protocol
IANA Autonomous Systems similar to distance vector - attributes, not metrics strategic routing policies TCP IBGP and EBGP |
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IBGP
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within AS
neighbors do not need to be directly connected IGP must still be used like OSPF QoS propogation on BGP MPLS VPNs - MP IBGP |
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Cisco Voice compression favorites
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G.711 - 64k
G.729 - 8k |
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Identify QoS Methods
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IP RTP Priority
Priority Queuing Custom Queuing Class-based Weighted Fair Queuing Low Latency Queuing |
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Name typical Organizational Goals (5)
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Improve Profit
Increase competitiveness Improve customer support Add new customer services Increase productivity |
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Name typical Organizational Constraints (4)
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Budget
Personnel Scheduling Policy (Vendor preference) summary - Time, Money, people and policy |
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Technical Goals (6)
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Performance
Availability Manageability Security Adaptability Scalability (upgrade or modernize in the answer) |
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Technical Constraints (3)
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Existing Equipment
Bandwidth availability Application compatibility (the word Legacy in the answer) |
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Elements of the Network Design Document
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Introduction
Design Requirements Existing Network Infrastructure Design Proof of Concept Implementation Plan Appendices |
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Summary Report results used to do what? (4)
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- Describe the software features required in the network
- Describe possible problems in the existing network - Identify the actions needed to prepare the network for the implementation of the required features - Influence the customer requirements |
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What are Social Requirements
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All about people.
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Network Performance is? (3)
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- Capacity
- Response Time - Utilization |
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Network Services (many)
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SNMP, Telnet, TFTP, TACACS+, RADIUS, IP, IPX, Routing Protocols, QoS, Dial-In/Out, Access Lists, DNS, IPSec
- Security, QoS, Routing |
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Network Topology
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Devices, Encapsulations, Bandwidth
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